Editing Back in the U.S.S.R. (section)

==Recording==
The sessions for ''[[The Beatles (album)|The Beatles]]'' (also known as the "White Album") were fraught with disharmony among the band members.{{sfn|Greene|2016|p=47}} While rehearsing "Back in the U.S.S.R." on 22 August 1968, [[Ringo Starr]] became tired of McCartney's criticism of his drumming on the song and of the bad atmosphere generally{{sfn|Hertsgaard|1996|pp=250–51}}{{sfn|Clayson|2003|pp=183–84}}{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=205}} and walked out, intent on quitting the group.{{sfn|Lewisohn|2005|p=151}} The other Beatles continued with the session, which took place at EMI Studios (now [[Abbey Road Studios]]) in London. [[Ken Scott]], the band's recording engineer, later recalled that they created a "composite drum track of bits and pieces" in Starr's absence.{{sfn|Lewisohn|2005|p=151}}{{refn|group=nb|According to author [[Kenneth Womack]], the song was originally intended for [[Twiggy]], a young English model and singer, to record.{{sfn|Womack|2014|p=63}}}}

Five takes were recorded of the basic track, featuring McCartney on drums, [[George Harrison]] on electric guitar, and [[John Lennon]] on [[Fender Bass VI]].{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=188}}{{sfn|Spizer|2003|p=103}} Take 5 was chosen as "best".{{sfn|Lewisohn|2005|p=151}} During the overdubbing on the song, on 23 August, McCartney and Harrison also contributed bass parts, and both also added lead guitar parts.{{sfn|Lewisohn|2005|p=151}} According to author John Winn, the first overdubs were piano, played by McCartney; drums by Harrison, replacing Lennon's bass part from the previous day; and another electric guitar part.{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=205}}

After these additions were mixed down to a single track, McCartney sang a lead vocal, using what he described as his "[[Jerry Lee Lewis]] voice",{{sfn|Spizer|2003|p=103}} and Lennon, Harrison and McCartney added backing vocals, including Beach Boys-style harmonies over the song's bridges.{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=188}} All three musicians added handclaps.{{sfn|Everett|1999|p=188}} Other overdubs included McCartney's bass, Harrison on six-string bass, and Lennon playing a [[snare drum]].{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=205}} Harrison played the guitar solo in the instrumental break, while McCartney contributed a high-pitched, single-note solo over the final verse.{{sfn|Everett|1999|pp=187–88}} MacDonald describes the musical arrangement as a "thunderous wall of sound".{{sfn|MacDonald|2005|p=310}} For the sounds of the aircraft that appear on the track, Scott created a [[tape loop]] from a recording of a [[Vickers Viscount|Viscount]] turboprop{{sfn|Winn|2009|p=205}} stored in EMI's library.{{sfn|Lewisohn|2005|p=151}}{{sfn|Womack|2014|p=63}}

After the other Beatles urged him to return, Starr rejoined the group on 4 September to participate in the filming of a promotional clip for their "[[Hey Jude]]" single.{{sfn|Lewisohn|2005|p=153}}{{refn|group=nb|The following day, to celebrate Starr's return to the recording studio, Harrison covered his drum kit in flowers.{{sfn|The Beatles|2000|p=312}}<ref name=rollingstone>{{cite magazine|title=85 – 'Back in the USSR'|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-beatles-songs-20110919/back-in-the-ussr-19691231|series=100 Greatest Beatles Songs|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=16 June 2012}}</ref>}} During a break in the filming, [[Marc Sinden]] (who appears in the film) recalls Lennon playing a song on his acoustic guitar. "Everyone went 'Wow'&nbsp;... Filming started before we could ask what it was. When it was later released, we realised it was 'Back in the USSR'."<ref>{{cite news|last=Pinch|first=Emma|title=Marc Sinden on John Lennon: We were in the presence of God|date=6 March 2009|newspaper=[[Liverpool Daily Post]]|url=http://www.liverpooldailypost.co.uk/liverpool-life-features/liverpool-special-features/2009/03/06/marc-sinden-on-john-lennon-we-were-in-the-presence-of-god-92534-23077241|access-date=7 March 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090310053521/http://www.liverpooldailypost.co.uk/liverpool-life-features/liverpool-special-features/2009/03/06/marc-sinden-on-john-lennon-we-were-in-the-presence-of-god-92534-23077241|archive-date=10 March 2009 <!--DASHBot-->|url-status=live}}</ref>