Editing Baldwin effect (section)

==Comparison with genetic assimilation==
{{further|Genetic assimilation}}

The Baldwin effect has been confused with, and sometimes conflated with, a different evolutionary theory also based on [[phenotypic plasticity]], [[C. H. Waddington]]'s [[genetic assimilation]]. The Baldwin effect includes genetic accommodation, of which one type is genetic assimilation.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Crispo |first=Erika | year=2007 |title=The Baldwin effect and genetic assimilation: revisiting two mechanisms of evolutionary change mediated by phenotypic plasticity |journal=Evolution |volume=61 |issue=11 |pages=2469–2479 |doi=10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00203.x |pmid=17714500 |s2cid=9292273 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Science historian Laurent Loison has written that "the Baldwin effect and genetic assimilation, even if they are quite close, should not be conflated".<ref>{{cite journal|author=Loison, Laurent|year=2021|title=Epigenetic inheritance and evolution: a historian's perspective|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences|volume=376|issue=1826|pages=|doi=10.1098/rstb.2020.0120|doi-access=free|pmid=33866812 |pmc=8059632}}</ref>