Editing Blacksmith (section)

===Forging===
[[File:Acampamento Farroupilha, Parque da Harmonia, Porto Alegre, Brasil 2015 17.webm|thumb|right|A blacksmith hand-forging a tool during the [[Acampamento Farroupilha]] event in [[Porto Alegre]], [[Brazil]], 2015.]]
[[File:01 Forgeron 08.jpg|alt=Picture of a blacksmith|thumb|A blacksmith]]
[[Forging]]—the process smiths use to shape metal by hammering—differs from machining in that forging does not remove material. Instead, the smith hammers the iron into shape. Even punching and cutting operations (except when trimming waste) by smiths usually re-arrange metal around the hole, rather than drilling it out as [[swarf]].

Forging uses seven basic operations or techniques:

* Drawing down
* Shrinking (a type of upsetting)
* Bending
* Upsetting
* [[Swaging]]
* Punching
* Forge welding

These operations generally require at least a hammer and [[anvil]], but smiths also use other tools and techniques to accommodate odd-sized or repetitive jobs.

====Drawing====
[[File:AngelAguilarOcotlan3.JPG|thumb|Blacksmith [[Apolinar Aguilar Velasco|Apolinar Aguilar]] at the furnace of his blade workshop in [[Ocotlán de Morelos|Ocotlan de Morelos]], Oaxaca, Mexico]]
Drawing lengthens the metal by reducing one or both of the other two dimensions. As the depth is reduced, or the width narrowed, the piece is lengthened or "drawn out."

As an example of drawing, a smith making a chisel might flatten a square bar of steel, lengthening the metal, reducing its depth but keeping its width consistent.

Drawing does not have to be uniform. A taper can result as in making a wedge or a woodworking chisel blade. If tapered in two dimensions, a point results.

Drawing can be accomplished with a variety of tools and methods. Two typical methods using only hammer and anvil would be hammering on the anvil horn, and hammering on the anvil face using the cross peen of a hammer.

Another method for drawing is to use a tool called a [[Fuller (metalworking)|fuller]], or the peen of the hammer, to hasten the drawing out of a thick piece of metal. (The technique is called fullering from the tool.) Fullering consists of hammering a series of indentations with corresponding ridges, perpendicular to the long section of the piece being drawn.  The resulting effect looks somewhat like waves along the top of the piece.  Then the smith turns the hammer over to use the flat face to hammer the tops of the ridges down level with the bottoms of the indentations. This forces the metal to grow in length (and width if left unchecked) much faster than just hammering with the flat face of the hammer.