Editing Breast augmentation (section)

====Saline breast implant====
The saline breast implant, filled with [[Saline (medicine)|saline solution]], was first manufactured by the Laboratoires Arion company, in France, and introduced for use as a prosthetic [[medical device]] in 1964. Modern-day versions of saline breast implants are manufactured with thicker, room-temperature [[Vulcanization|vulcanized]] (RTV) shells made of a [[silicone]] [[elastomer]]. The study ''In vitro Deflation of Pre-filled Saline Breast Implants'' (2006) reported that the rates of deflation (filler leakage) of the pre-filled saline breast implant made it a second-choice prosthesis for "corrective breast surgery".{{clarify|date=February 2020}}<ref name="Stevens">{{cite journal|vauthors=Stevens WG, Hirsch EM, Stoker DA, Cohen R |s2cid=41156555 |title=In vitro Deflation of Pre-filled Saline Breast Implants | journal=Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery | year=2006|pages=347–349| volume=118|issue=2|pmid=16874200|doi=10.1097/01.prs.0000227674.65284.80}}</ref> Nonetheless, in the 1990s, the saline breast implant was mandated to be the prosthesis usual for breast augmentation surgery, the result of the U.S.  [[Food and Drug Administration]]'s (FDA) temporary restriction against the importation of silicone-filled breast implants.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}

The technical goal of the saline-implant technique was a less-invasive surgical technique, by inserting an empty, rolled-up breast implant through a smaller surgical incision.<ref name="Arion1965">{{cite journal|author=Arion HG|title=Retromammary Prosthesis |journal=Comptes Rendus de la Société Française de Gynécologie | year=1965|volume=5}}</ref> In surgical practice, after having installed the empty breast implants in the implant pockets, the plastic surgeon would then fill each device with saline solution through a [[one-way valve]] and, because the required insertion incisions were short and small, the resultant incision scars would be smaller and shorter than the surgical scars typical of the pre-filled, silicone-gel implant surgical technique.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=January 2004 |title=Saline-Filled Breast Implant Surgery: Making an Informed Decision |url=https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/plastic_reconstructive_surgery/_downloads/saline_filled_breast_implant_surgery_brochure.pdf |website=hopkinsmedicine.org}}</ref>

When compared with the results achieved with a silicone-gel breast implant, the saline implant can yield "good-to-excellent" results of increased breast size, a smoother hemisphere contour, and realistic consistency; yet it is likelier to cause cosmetic problems, such as the rippling and the wrinkling of the breast-envelope skin, and technical problems, such as the implant's presence being noticeable to the eye and to the touch. The occurrence of such cosmetic problems is likelier in the case of a person with very little breast tissue; in the case of a person who requires [[Mastectomy|post-mastectomy]] breast reconstruction, the silicone-gel implant is the technically superior [[Prosthesis|prosthetic]] device for [[breast reconstruction]]. In the case of a person with much breast tissue, for whom sub-muscular placement is the recommended surgical approach, saline breast implants can give an aesthetic result much like that produced by silicone breast implants: an appearance of proportionate breast size, smooth contour, and realistic consistency.<ref>{{cite journal | author = Eisenberg, TS | title = Silicone Gel Implants Are Back—So What? | journal = American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery | year = 2009 | volume = 26 | pages = 5–7 | doi=10.1177/074880680902600103| s2cid = 136191732 }}</ref>