Editing CTrain (section)

== Rolling stock ==
The system initially used [[Siemens-Duewag U2]] DC LRVs (originally designed for German [[rapid transit|metros]]), and used by the [[Frankfurt U-Bahn]]. The slightly earlier [[Edmonton LRT]], and the slightly later [[San Diego Trolley]] were built at approximately the same time and used the same [[commercial off-the-shelf]] German LRVs rather than [[bespoke|custom-designed]] vehicles such as were used on the [[Toronto streetcar system]] and the [[Vancouver SkyTrain]]. U2 vehicles constituted the entire fleet in Calgary until July 2001, when the first [[Siemens SD-100 and SD-160|Siemens SD-160]] cars were delivered.<ref name="Technical" /> Eighty-three U2 DCs were delivered to Calgary over three separate orders; 27 in 1981, three in 1983, and 53 in 1984 and are numbered 2001–2083. As of March 2020, 39 out of the original 83 U2 DCs remain in service, plus car 2090. The success of the first North American LRT systems inspired Siemens to build an LRV plant in [[Florin, California]]. Siemens now supplies one-third of North American LRVs and has supplied over 1000 vehicles to 17 North American systems.<ref>{{cite web |title=Light rail vehicles and streetcars |url=http://w3.usa.siemens.com/mobility/us/en/urban-mobility/rail-solutions/trams-and-light-rail/Pages/trams-and-light-rail.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512023232/http://w3.usa.siemens.com/mobility/us/en/urban-mobility/rail-solutions/trams-and-light-rail/Pages/trams-and-light-rail.aspx |archive-date=May 12, 2016 |access-date=May 7, 2016 |publisher=Siemens |df=mdy-all}}</ref> This will include 258 vehicles for Calgary when the current order of [[Siemens S200]] vehicles is completed.

{| class="wikitable"
|-align=center
! Fleet numbers !! Total !! Type !! Year Ordered
!Year Retired
!Number of units Retired
!Exterior
!Interior!! City of manufacture !! Notes
|-align=center
| 2001–2083, 2090 || 83 || [[Siemens–Duewag U2]] || 1979–1985
| Started 2016
|44
|[[File:Calgary Transit U2.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:Calgary Transit U2 Interior.jpg|100px]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Düsseldorf]], [[Germany]] || 1 unit formed from other units (see 2002)

Retired units are up to date as of March 24, 2020
|-align=center
|2101-2102
|2
|[[Siemens–Duewag U2]] AC: uses AC traction instead of DC traction.
|1988
|2016
|1
| [[File:CT U2-AC.jpg|100px|Calgary Transit U2 AC (#2101)]]
| [[File:Calgary Transit U2 AC Interior.jpg|100px|Interior of a Calgary Transit U2 AC (#2101)]]
|
Being former demonstration trains: only variants in the world.

Named Scout, 2101 is an asset inspection train for overhead lines and tracks.
|-align=center
| 2201–2272|| 72 || [[Siemens SD-100 and SD-160|Siemens SD-160 Series 5/6/7]] || 2001–2006
| -
| -
| [[File:CT SD160.jpg|100px]][[File:CT SD160 refurb.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:CT SD-160 Interior.jpg|100px|Interior of a Calgary Transit unrefurbished SD160 (#2212)]][[File:CT SD160 refurb interior.jpg|100px|Interior of a Calgary Transit refurbished SD160 (#2219)]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Florin, California]] || Retrofitted with air conditioning 2009–2011 in-house.

All to be refurbished by [[Siemens Mobility|Siemens]].
|-align=center
| 2301–2338|| 38 || [[Siemens SD-100 and SD-160|Siemens SD-160NG Series 8]] || 2007
| -
| 1
| [[File:Calgary Transit SD-160NG.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:CT SD-160NG Interior.jpg|100px|Interior of a Calgary Transit SD160NG (#2306)]]|| 2311 retired due to an accident (see below)
|-align=center
| 2401-2469|| 69 || [[Siemens S200]] || 2013–2018
| -
|
|[[File:Calgary Transit S200.jpg|100px]]
| [[File:Calgary Transit S200 Interior.jpg|100px]]||
2401-2463 built and delivered between 2015 and 2019; 2464–2469, 2019–2020
|}

The following LRVs have been retired:
{| class="wikitable"
|+Retired Units
!Car Number
!Type
!Year Retired
!Reason
!Status
|-
|2001, (2002), 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2011, 2014, 2016, 2017, 2022, 2023, 2026, 2029, 2033–2037, 2040, 2042, 2043, 2045, 2049, 2052, 2055, (2064), 2065, (2066), 2067, 2069, 2072, 2074–2079, (2080), 2081, 2083.
| rowspan="8" |U2
|2016–present
|Retired as a result of newer S200 LRVs.
|Retired. Being salvaged for parts and scrapped.
|-
|2002
|May, 1981 / September, 2019
|Collided with car 2001 in May, 1981; A-end written off. B-end later received a new A-end and was retired at end of life in 2019.
|Retired; disposed of in 2020. A-end was scrapped, B-end was sold to a private owner, who is creating a piece of street-art using it as a part of a thesis project.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/ctrain-car-art-1.5513891 | title=Decommissioned CTrain car a dream canvas for Calgary artist &#124; CBC News}}</ref>
|-
|2010
|March 27, 2002
|Collided with a truck at the 4 Avenue SW crossing as it was leaving the Downtown.
|Retired. Used as spare parts.
|-
|2019
|April 2007
|Collided with a flatbed truck in the intersection of Memorial Drive/28 Street SE near Franklin Station.
|Retired. One end is used as spare parts, the other end was combined with the good end of LRV 2027 to form LRV 2090.
|-
|2027
|May 2008
|Damaged when it hit a crane in the median of Crowchild Trail near Dalhousie Station
|Retired. One end is used as spare parts, the other end was combined with the good end of LRV 2019 to form LRV 2090.
|-
|2050
|October 2007
|Collided with a vehicle at the 58 Avenue SW crossing near Chinook Station.
|Repaired in 2010; currently active
|-
|2057
|Summer of 2009
|Damaged when it hit a backhoe that was being used in the construction of the new 3 Street W station on 7 Avenue.
|Retired. Used as spare parts.
|-
|2064, 2066, 2080<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cptdb.ca/topic/14428-ctrain-u2-cars-retirement-watch/|title=Calgary LRV 2066 Delivered to Edmonton|last=Panchyshyn|first=Corey|date=July 17, 2018|website=flickr|access-date=January 1, 2019}}</ref>
|Summer 2018
|
|Sold to Edmonton Transit Service after they were retired at end of life,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/49293569@N03/29664571738/in/photostream/|title=CTrain – U2 cars Retirement Watch|date=July 17, 2018|website=CPTDB|access-date=January 1, 2019}}</ref> used for parts, and have since been scrapped.
|-
|2101
| rowspan="2" |U2 AC
|Early 2016
| rowspan="2" |Taken out of service.
|Converted to track inspection vehicle (named SCOUT)
|-
|2102
|August 8, 2016
|Retired in early 2017. Used as spare parts for 2101, has since been scrapped.
|-
|2311
|SD-160NG
|September 20, 2016
|Departed Tuscany Station into the tail track, overshot the end of the rails crashing into the tail fence and a metal power pole.
|Retired, scrapped.
|}
Note: units in parentheses in the first row in the above table were retired at end of life, but are also listed in rows below.
[[File:S200 CTrain leaving City Hall Station.jpg|thumb|CTrain in the 8-stop tramway-style free-fare zone in Calgary's downtown financial district.]]
In 1988, the Alberta Government purchased from Siemens two U2 AC units, the first of their kind in North America, for trials on both the Edmonton and Calgary LRT systems. The cars were originally numbered 3001 and 3002 and served in Edmonton from 1988 to spring 1990. These LRVs came to Calgary in the summer of 1990 and in September, Calgary Transit decided to purchase the cars from the province and then applied the CT livery to the cars (they were previously plain white in both Edmonton and Calgary). They retained their original fleet numbers of 3001 and 3002 until 1999, when CT renumbered the cars 2101 and 2102. Initially, these two cars were only run together as a two-car consist as they were incompatible with the U2 DCs. In 2003, Calgary Transit made the two U2 ACs compatible as slave cars between two SD-160s and have been running them like this ever since.
[[File:Calgary Transit S200 Interior.jpg|thumb|Interior of a Siemens S200 CTrain.]]
In July 2001, Calgary Transit brought the first of 15 new SD-160 LRVs into service to accommodate the South LRT Extension Phase I and increased capacity. Throughout 2003, another 17 SD-160 LRVs were introduced into the fleet to accommodate the northwest extension to Dalhousie as well as the South LRT Extension Phase II. However, demand for light rail has exploded in recent years. In the decade prior to 2006, the city's population grew by 25% to over 1 million people, while ridership on the CTrain grew at twice that rate, by 50% in only 10 years. This resulted in severe overcrowding on the trains and demands for better service.<ref name="Guttormson">{{cite news | last = Guttormson | first = Kim | url = http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/story.html?id=1448d5e5-c996-4ba8-83ec-e5fac45f02da&p=1 | title = Transit hit by 10% rise in riders – City struggles to provide service amid staff crunch | newspaper = [[Calgary Herald]] | date = January 20, 2007 | access-date = 2014-07-24 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150923221722/http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/story.html?id=1448d5e5-c996-4ba8-83ec-e5fac45f02da&p=1 | archive-date = September 23, 2015 | df = mdy-all }}</ref> In December, 2004, city council approved an order for 33 additional SD-160 vehicles from Siemens to not only address overcrowding, but to accommodate the northeast extension to McKnight–Westwinds and the northwest extension to Crowfoot. These new SD–160s started to enter service in November, 2006. In December 2006, CT extended the order by seven cars to a total of 40 cars, which had all been delivered by the spring of 2008. This brought the total of first-generation SD–160s to 72 cars numbered 2201 – 2272. These cars were all delivered without air conditioning, and retrofitted with air conditioning between 2009 and 2011.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://kevinsbusrail.com/calgary_transit_c-train_sd1602001.html | title=C-Train Siemens-Duewag SD160}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://kevinsbusrail.com/calgary_transit_c-train_sd1602002.html | title=C-Train Siemens-Duewag SD160}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://kevinsbusrail.com/calgary_transit_c-train_sd1602006.html | title=C-Train Siemens-Duewag SD160}}</ref>

In November 2007 city council approved purchasing another 38 SD-160 Series 8 LRVs to be used in conjunction with the West LRT extension (2012) and further expansions to the northeast (Saddletowne 2012) and northwest legs (Tuscany 2014). These are new-generation train cars with many upgraded features over the original SD-160s including factory equipped air conditioning and various cosmetic and technical changes.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.calgarysun.com/video/91196937001 |title=&#124; Calgary Sun |access-date=April 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180427045338/http://calgarysun.com/video/91196937001 |archive-date=April 27, 2018 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}</ref> These units started to enter service in December 2010 and are numbered 2301–2338. As of May 2012, all had entered revenue service.

In September 2013, Calgary Transit ordered 63 S200 LRVs to provide enough cars to run four-car trains, and to retire some of its Siemens-Duewag U2s, which are nearing the end of their useful lifespans.<ref>{{cite news |last=Markusoff |first=Jason |url=https://calgaryherald.com/news/calgary/Calgary+Transit+cars+200M/8898525/story.html |title=Calgary Transit to buy 63 new LRT cars for $200M  |newspaper=[[Calgary Herald]] |date=September 11, 2013 |access-date=2013-09-15}}</ref><ref>[https://www.railjournal.com/regions/north-america/calgary-transit-unveils-first-siemens-s200-light-rail-vehicle/ Calgary Transit unveils first Siemens S200 LRV] ''[[International Railway Journal]]'' January 18, 2016</ref> Some of the 80 U2 cars were 34 years old, and all of them had traveled at least {{convert | 2000000 | km}}. The first of the new cars arrived in January, 2016 and delivery was expected take two years. The front of the new cars is customized to resemble a hockey goalie's mask, and they include such new features as heated floors for winter and air conditioning for summer. They also now have high-resolution video cameras covering the entire interior and exterior of the vehicles for security purposes.<ref>{{cite web |date=January 14, 2016 |title=New Mask CTrain car arrives |url=https://www.calgarytransit.com/news/new-mask-ctrain-car-arrives |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602204408/https://www.calgarytransit.com/news/new-mask-ctrain-car-arrives |archive-date=June 2, 2016 |access-date=May 7, 2016 |website=Calgary Transit |publisher=City of Calgary}}</ref>

On November 18, 2016, Calgary Transit announced the retirement of the first CTrain LRV purchased, car 2001. Some of the Siemens Duewag U2 cars will be phased out as the new Siemens S200 cars come online.<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://calgaryherald.com/news/local-news/calgarys-very-first-ctrain-car-retires-after-2-5-million-km-career | title=Calgary's very first CTrain car retires after 2.5 million km career |work=[[Calgary Herald]] |last1=Klingbeil |first1=Annalise |date=November 17, 2016}}</ref>

=== Four car trains ===
In late 2015 Calgary Transit began operating four-car LRT trains on the CTrain system. The lengthening of trains was done to alleviate overcrowding as the system was already carrying more than 300,000 passengers per day, and many trains were overcrowded. The lengthening of trains increased the maximum capacity of each train from 600 to 800 passengers, so when enough new LRT cars arrived to lengthen all trains to four cars, the upgrade increased the LRT system capacity by 33%. Since the platforms on the original stations were designed to only accommodate three-car trains, this required lengthening most of the platforms on the 45 stations on the system and building new electrical substations to power the longer trains. To operate the new four-car trains, the city ordered 63 new cars, although 28 of them were intended to replace the original U2 LRT cars, which have as many as 2.8 million miles on them and are approaching the end of their service lives. Many of the older stations were also worn out by high passenger traffic, and the platforms needed to be rebuilt anyway.<ref>{{cite web |date=November 13, 2015 |title=Calgary Transit Launches Four-Car Service Early |url=http://calgarymayor.ca/stories/calgary-transit-launches-four-car-train-service-early |access-date=May 7, 2016 |publisher=The City of Calgary}}</ref> Throughout the pandemic, service was reduced to three-car trains. However, as of December 19, 2022, four-car trains are back in service.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Calgary's Red Line LRT to return to four-car trains - Calgary {{!}} Globalnews.ca |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/9352413/calgarys-red-line-lrt-return-four-car-trains/ |access-date=2023-02-15 |website=Global News |language=en-US}}</ref>