Editing Chiastic structure (section)

==Use in the Hebrew Bible==
Chiasms in the Hebrew Bible include, but are not limited to, the following examples:
* Genesis 6:10–9:18a (including a numerical mini-chiasm)<ref name="Wenham"/><ref name="Andersen"/>
* Genesis 17:1–25{{sfn|Ostrowski|2006|p=570}}
* Genesis 32:1–31 (including a name-changing mini-chiasm){{sfn|Ostrowski|2006|p=571}}<ref name="Ramey">{{Cite web |title=Examples {{!}} Chiasmus |author=William Ramey |work=inthebeginning.org |date= |access-date=4 June 2023 |url= https://www.inthebeginning.org/chiasmus/examples.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604123935/https://www.inthebeginning.org/chiasmus/examples.html |archive-date=4 June 2023}}</ref>
* Genesis 37:3–11{{sfn|Ostrowski|2006|p=570}}<ref name="Ramey"/>
* Genesis 37:12–36<ref name="Ramey"/>
* Genesis 38:1–30<ref name="Ramey"/>
* Genesis 39:1–23<ref name="Ramey"/>
* Genesis 40:1–23<ref name="Ramey"/>
* Genesis 41:1–57<ref name="Ramey"/>
* Genesis 42:1–38<ref name="Ramey"/>

=== Genesis flood narrative ===
[[Gordon Wenham]] (1978) analyzed the [[Genesis flood narrative]] and concluded that it is essentially an elaborate chiasm.<ref name="Wenham">Gordon J. Wenham, "The Coherence of the Flood Narrative" ''Vetus Testamentum'' 28 (1978) 336–348.</ref> Based on the earlier study of grammatical structure by [[F. I. Andersen]] (1974),<ref name="Andersen">[[F. I. Andersen]], ''The Sentence in Biblical Hebrew'' (The Hague, 1974).</ref> Wenham illustrated a chiastic structure as displayed in the following two tables.

{| class="wikitable" 
|-
|+ Chiastic structure of the [[Genesis flood narrative]]
|-
|A: Noah and his sons (Gen 6:10)
:B: All life on earth (6:13:a)
::C: Curse on earth (6:13:b)
:::D: Flood announced (6:7)
::::E: Ark (6:14-16)
:::::F: All living creatures (6:17–20 )
::::::G: Food (6:21)
:::::::H: Animals in man's hands (7:2–3)
::::::::I: Entering the Ark (7:13–16)
:::::::::J: Waters increase (7:17–20)
::::::::::X: God remembers Noah (8:1)
:::::::::J': Waters decrease (8:13–14)
::::::::I': Exiting the Ark (8:15–19) 
:::::::H': Animals (9:2,3)
::::::G': Food (9:3,4)
:::::F': All living creatures (9:10a)
::::E': Ark (9:10b)
:::D': No flood in future (9:11)
::C': Blessing on earth (9:12–17)
:B': All life on earth (9:16)
A': Noah and his sons (9:18,19a)
|}

Within this overall structure, there is a numerical mini-chiasm of 7s, 40s, and 150s:
{| class="wikitable" 
|-
|+ Chiasm of the numbers 7, 40, and 150
|-
|α: Seven days waiting to enter Ark (7:4)
:β: Second mention of seven days waiting (7:10)
::γ: 40 days (7:17)
:::δ: 150 days (7:24)
::::χ: God remembers Noah (8:1)
:::δ': 150 days (8:3)
::γ': 40 days (8:6)
:β': Seven days waiting for dove (8:10)
α': Second seven days waiting for dove (8:12)
|}

=== Genesis 17 ===
William Ramey has compiled several chiasms in the Hebrew Bible, including Genesis 17:1–25 (quoted in [[Donald Ostrowski]] 2006).{{sfn|Ostrowski|2006|p=570}}

{| class="wikitable" 
|-
|+ Chiastic structure of [[Genesis 17]]:1–25{{sfn|Ostrowski|2006|p=570}}
|-
|A: [[Abram]]'s age ("When Abram was 99 years old..."; 1a)
:B: [[God in Judaism|God]] appears before Abram (1b)
::C: God's first speech (1b–2)
:::D: Abram falls on his face (3)
::::E: God's second speech ([[Abraham|Abram's name changed]], "nations from you and kings"; 4–8)
:::::X: God's third speech (the [[Covenant (biblical)|covenant]] of [[circumcision]]; 9–14)
::::E': God's fourth speech ([[Sarah|Sarai's name changed to Sarah]], "mother of nations, kings"; 15–16)
:::D': Abraham falls on his face (17–18)
::C': God's fifth speech (19–21)
:B': God "goes up" from Abraham (22)
A': Abraham's age ("Abraham was 99 years old..."; 24–25)
|}

=== Book of Daniel ===
In 1986, [[William H. Shea]] proposed that the [[Book of Daniel]] is composed of a ''double-chiasm''. He argued that the chiastic structure is emphasized by the two languages that the book is written in: [[Aramaic]] and [[Hebrew]]. The first chiasm is written in ''Aramaic'' from chapters 2-7 following an ABC...CBA pattern. The second chiasm is in ''Hebrew'' from chapters 8–12, also using the ABC...CBA pattern. However, Shea represents {{bibleverse|Daniel|9:26|KJV}} as "D", a break in the center of the pattern.<ref name="Shea">{{harvnb|Shea|1986|p=}}{{page needed|date=July 2014}}</ref>