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==List== {{See also|List of cliffs by continent}} The following is an incomplete list of cliffs of the world. ===Africa=== '''Above Sea''' *[[Macizo de Anaga|Anaga's Cliffs]], Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, {{convert|592|m|ft|abbr=on}} above Atlantic Ocean *[[Cape Hangklip]], Western Cape, South Africa, {{convert|453.1|m|ft|abbr=on}} above False Bay, Atlantic Ocean *[[Cape Point]], Western Cape, South Africa, {{convert|249|m|ft|abbr=on}} above Atlantic Ocean *[[Chapman's Peak]], Western Cape, South Africa, {{convert|596|m|ft|abbr=on}} above Atlantic Ocean *[[Karbonkelberg]], Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa, {{convert|653|m|ft|abbr=on}} above [[Hout Bay]], Atlantic Ocean *[[Kogelberg]], [[Western Cape]], South Africa, {{convert|1289|m|ft|abbr=on}} above [[False Bay]], [[Atlantic Ocean]] *[[Los Gigantes]], [[Tenerife]], Canary Islands, Spain, {{convert|637|m|ft|abbr=on}} above Atlantic Ocean *[[Table Mountain]], [[Cape Town]], Western Cape, South Africa, {{convert|1086|m|ft|abbr=on}} above Atlantic Ocean '''Above Land''' * Innumerable peaks in the [[Drakensberg]] mountains of South Africa are considered cliff formations. The Drakensberg Range is regarded, together with Ethiopia's [[Simien Mountains]], as one of the two finest erosional mountain ranges on Earth. Because of their near-unique geological formation, the range has an extraordinarily high percentage of cliff faces making up its length, particularly along the highest portion of the range.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} This portion of the range is virtually uninterrupted cliff faces, ranging from {{convert|600|m|ft|abbr=on}} to {{convert|1200|m|ft|abbr=on}} in height for almost {{convert|250|km|mi|abbr=on}}. Of all, the "Drakensberg Amphitheatre" (mentioned above) is most well known.{{citation needed|date=March 2014}} Other notable cliffs include the [[Trojan Wall]], [[Cleft Peak (South Africa)|Cleft Peak]], [[Injisuthi Triplets]], [[Cathedral Peak (South Africa)|Cathedral Peak]], [[Monk's Cowl]], [[Mnweni Buttress]], etc. The cliff faces of the [[Blyde River Canyon]], technically still part of the Drakensberg, may be over {{convert|800|m|ft|abbr=on}}, with the main face of the Swadini Buttress approximately {{convert|1000|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall. **[[Amphitheatre (Drakensberg)|Drakensberg Amphitheatre]], South Africa {{convert|1200|m|ft|abbr=on}} above base, {{convert|5|km|mi|abbr=on}} long. The [[Tugela Falls]], the world's second tallest waterfall, falls {{convert|948|m|ft|abbr=on}} over the edge of the cliff face. * Karambony, Madagascar, {{convert|380|m|ft|abbr=on}} above base. * [[Mount Meru, Tanzania]] Caldera Cliffs, {{convert|1500|m|ft|abbr=on}} * Tsaranoro, Madagascar, {{convert|700|m|ft|abbr=on}} above base ===America=== ====North ==== [[File:Mount Thor.jpg|thumb|right|[[Mount Thor]], [[Baffin Island]], [[Nunavut]], Canada, commonly regarded as the highest vertical drop on Earth]] [[File:Yosemite El Capitan.jpg|thumb|right|Southwest face of El Capitan from [[Yosemite Valley]]]] [[File:NotchPeakSunset.JPG|thumb|The face of [[Notch Peak]] at sunset]] [[File:Ketil West.JPG|thumb|right|[[Ketil (mountain)|Ketil's]] west face in [[Tasermiut]], Greenland]] Several big granite faces in the [[Arctic]] region vie for the title of 'highest vertical drop on Earth', but reliable measurements are not always available. The possible contenders include (measurements are approximate): [[Mount Thor]], [[Baffin Island]], Canada; 1,370 m (4,500 ft) total; top 480 m (1600 ft) is overhanging. This is commonly regarded as being the largest vertical drop on Earth [https://iana.org]<ref name="Buchmüller-Pfaff" />{{citation needed|date=August 2019}}ot:leapyear at 1,250 m (4,100 ft). # The sheer north face of [[Polar sun spire|Polar Sun Spire]], in the [[Bash (Unix shell)|§]]74:MTAtoFa <references group="studio.monster.cable" />of [[Baffin Island]], rises 4,300 ft above the flat frozen fjord, although the lower portion of the face breaks from the vertical wall with a series of ledges and buttresses.<ref>{{cite web|title=Polar Sun Spire|url=http://www.summitpost.org/mountain/rock/152417/polar-sun-spire.html|access-date=2008-07-31|publisher=SummitPost.Org|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202023348/http://www.summitpost.org/mountain/rock/152417/Polar-Sun-Spire.html|archive-date=2008-12-02}}</ref> #[[Ketil (mountain)|Ketil's]] and its neighbor [[Ulamertorsuaq]]'s west faces in [[Tasermiut]], [[Greenland]] have been reported as over 1,000 m high.<ref>{{cite web|title=Climbing in Tasermiut|url=http://www.bigwall.dk/galleri/klatring/tasermiu/pages-uk/uk05keti.htm|access-date=2008-09-02|publisher=bigwall.dk|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205153142/http://www.bigwall.dk/galleri/klatring/tasermiu/pages-uk/uk05keti.htm|archive-date=2008-12-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The American Alpine Journal |year=1986 |url=http://www.americanalpineclub.org/AAJO/pdfs/1986/175_canada_greenland_aaj1986.pdf |access-date=2008-09-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028235449/http://www.americanalpineclub.org/AAJO/pdfs/1986/175_canada_greenland_aaj1986.pdf |archive-date=October 28, 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Grande Muralha da Groenlândia |url=http://www.mountainsport.dk/expe_exi.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304092840/http://www.mountainsport.dk/expe_exi.html |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> Another relevant cliff in Greenland is [[Agdlerussakasit]]'s [[Thumbnail (cliff)|Thumbnail]].<ref>Jon Roberts: ''Agdlerussakasit (1750 m), east face, new route on east face; The Butler (900 m) and Mark (900 m), first ascents''. [[American Alpine Journal]] (AAJ) 2004, pp. 266–267</ref> Other notable cliffs include: * Ättestupan Cliff, northern side of [[Kaiser Franz Joseph Fjord]], Greenland {{convert|1300|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="cat">{{cite web | title = Catalogue of place names in northern East Greenland | publisher = Geological Survey of Denmark | url = https://data.geus.dk/geusmap/?mapname=stednavnedb#baslay=baseMapGl&optlay=&extent=549832.8357720698,8582739.868248867,622444.3190166993,8680765.370629115&layers=grl_geus_north_east_higgins_map,grl_ne_higgins_placenames,grl_ne_placenames&filter_1=txt_search.part%3D%26placename%3D&filter_2=txt_search.part%3D%26placename%3D | access-date = 20 September 2019}}</ref> * [[Big Sandy Mountain]], east face buttress, Wind River Range, Wyoming, 550 m * [[Calvert Cliffs State Park|Calvert Cliffs]] along the [[Chesapeake Bay]] in Maryland, U.S. 25 m * [[Cap Éternité]] of [[Saguenay River]], Quebec, Canada, 347 m * All faces of [[Devils Tower]], Wyoming, United States, 195 m * [[Doublet Peak]], southwest face, [[Wind River Range]], Wyoming, United States, 370 m * [[El Capitan]], [[Yosemite Valley]], California, United States; 900 m (3,000 ft) * [[Grand Teton]], north face [[Teton Range]], Wyoming {{convert|760|m|abbr=on}} * Northwest Face of [[Half Dome]], near El Capitan, California, United States; 1,444 m (4,737 ft) total, vertical portion about 610 m (2,000 ft) * [[Longs Peak]] Diamond, [[Rocky Mountain National Park]], [[Colorado]], United States, 400 m * [[Mount Asgard]], [[Baffin Island]], Canada; vertical drop of about 1,200 m (4,000 ft). * [[Mount Siyeh]], [[Glacier National Park (U.S.)]] north face, {{convert|1270|m|abbr=on}} * The North Face of [[North Twin Peak]], [[Rocky Mountains]], Alberta, Canada, 1,200 m * The west face of [[Notch Peak]] in the [[House Range]] of southwestern Utah, U.S.; a [[carbonate rock]] pure vertical drop of about 670 m (2,200 ft), with {{convert|4450|ft|m|0}} from the top of the cliff to valley floor (bottom of the canyon below the notch) * Painted Wall in [[Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park]], Colorado, United States; 685 m (2,250 ft) * Raftsmen's Acropolis, a rock face of the [[Montagne des Érables]], Quebec, Canada, 800 m * Rockwall, [[Kootenay National Park]], British Columbia, Canada, 30 km of mostly unbroken cliffs up to 900 m <ref>{{cite web|title=Backpacking - Kootenay National Park|url=https://www.pc.gc.ca/en/pn-np/bc/kootenay/activ/arrierepays-backcountry|access-date=2020-09-23|publisher=National Park Service|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929020835/https://www.pc.gc.ca/en/pn-np/bc/kootenay/activ/arrierepays-backcountry|archive-date=2019-09-29}}</ref> * [[Royal Gorge]] cliffs, Colorado, United States, 350 m * Faces of [[Shiprock]], New Mexico, United States, 400 m * All walls of the [[Stawamus Chief]], [[Squamish, British Columbia|Squamish]], British Columbia, Canada, up to 500 m * Temple Peak, east face, Wind River Range, Wyoming, 400 m * Temple Peak East, north face, Wind River Range, Wyoming, 450 m * [[Toroweap Overlook|Toroweap (a.k.a. Tuweep)]], [[Grand Canyon]], Arizona, United States; 900 m (3,000 ft) * [[Uncompahgre Peak]], northeast face, [[San Juan Range]], Colorado, 275 m (550 m rise above surrounding plateau) * East face of the West Temple in [[Zion National Park]], Utah, United States believed to be the tallest sandstone cliff in the world,<ref>{{cite web|title=Geology Fieldnotes|url=http://www.nature.nps.gov/geology/parks/zion/index.cfm|access-date=2010-11-28|publisher=National Park Service|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522020351/http://www.nature.nps.gov/geology/parks/zion/index.cfm|archive-date=2013-05-22}}</ref> 670 m ====South ==== [[File:Salto Angel from Raton.JPG|thumb|[[Salto Angel]] from [[Isla Ratón]], Venezuela.]] * All faces of [[Auyan Tepui]], along with all other [[Tepuis]], Venezuela, Brazil, and Guyana, Auyan Tepui is about 1,000 m (location of [[Angel Falls]]) (the falls are 979 m, the highest in the world) * All faces of [[Cerro Chalten]] (Fitz Roy), Patagonia, Argentina-Chile, 1200 m * All faces of [[Cerro Torre]], [[Patagonia]], Chile-Argentina * [[Pão de Açúcar]]/Sugar Loaf, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 395 m * Pared de [[Gocta]], Peru, 771 m * Pared Sur Cerro Aconcagua. [[Las Heras, Mendoza|Las Heras]], [[Mendoza Province|Mendoza]], Argentina, 2,700 m * [[Pedra Azul]], [[Pedra Azul State Park]], [[Espírito Santo]], Brazil, 540 m * Scratched Stone (Pedra Riscada), [[São José do Divino/MG]], [[Minas Gerais]], Brazil, 1,480 m * Faces of the [[Torres del Paine]] group, Patagonia, Chile, up to 900 m ===Asia=== '''Above Sea''' * Mont Lesquin, [[Île de l'Est]], [[Crozet Islands]], [[France]], 1012 m above [[Indian Ocean]]. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://linfoweb.com/toplistes/top-10-les-falaises-les-plus-hautes-du-monde/10/ | title=TOP 10: Les falaises les plus hautes du monde }}</ref> * [[Qingshui Cliff]], [[Xiulin, Hualien|Xiulin Township]], [[Hualien County]], Taiwan averaging 800 m above Pacific Ocean. The tallest peak, Qingshui Mountain, rises 2408 m directly from the Pacific Ocean. * [[Ra's Sajir]], [[Oman]], {{cvt|900|m|ft}} above the [[Arabian Sea]] * [[Theoprosopon]], between [[Chekka]] and [[Selaata]] in north Lebanon jutting into the Mediterranean. * [[Tōjinbō]], [[Sakai, Fukui|Sakai]], [[Fukui prefecture]], Japan 25 m above Sea of Japan '''Above Land''' * Various cliffs in the Ak-Su Valley of Kyrgyzstan are high and steep. * [[Baintha Brakk]] (The Ogre), [[Panmah Muztagh]], Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan, 2,000 m * [[Gyala Peri]], southeast face, [[Namcha Barwa Himal]], [[Mêdog County]], [[Tibet, China]], 4,600 m * [[Hunza Peak]] south face, Karakoram, Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan, 1,700 m * [[K2]] west face, Karakoram, Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan, 2900m * [[Latok|The Latok Group]], Panmah Muztagh, Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan, 1,800 m * [[Lhotse]] northeast face, Mahalangur Himal, Nepal, 2,900 m * [[Lhotse]] south face, [[Mahalangur Himal]], Nepal, 3,200 m * [[Mount Everest]] [[Kangshung Face|east face]], Mahalangur Himal, Tibet, China, 3,350 m * [[Dhaulagiri]] south face, [[Dhaulagiri Himal]], Nepal, 4,000 m * [[Dhaulagiri]] west face, Dhaulagiri Himal, Nepal, 4,500 m * [[Gurja Himal]] south face, Dhaulagiri Himal, Nepal, 4,000 m * [[Annapurna]] south face, [[Annapurna (mountain range)|Annapurna Himal]], Nepal, 3,000 m * [[Annapurna (mountain range)|Annapurna Fang]] southwest face, Annapurna Himal, Nepal, 4,900 m * [[Meru Peak]], [[Uttarakhand]], India, 1,200 m * [[Nanga Parbat]], Rupal Face, [[Azad Kashmir, Pakistan]], 4,600 m * [[Qingshui Cliff]], [[Xiulin, Hualien|Xiulin Township]], [[Hualien County]], Taiwan averaging 800 m above Pacific Ocean. The tallest peak, Qingshui Mountain, rises 2408 meters directly from the Pacific Ocean. * [[Ramon Crater]], Israel, 400 m * [[Shispare Sar]] southwest face, Karakoram, Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan, 3,200 m * [[Spantik]] northwest face, Karakoram, Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan, 2,000 m * [[Trango Towers]]: East Face Great Trango Tower, [[Baltoro Muztagh]], Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan, 1,340 m (near vertical headwall), 2,100 m (very steep overall drop from East Summit to Dunge Glacier). Northwest Face drops approximately 2,200 m to the Trango Glacier below, but with a taller slab topped out with a shorter overhanging headwall of approximately 1,000 m. The Southwest "Azeem" Ridge forms the group's tallest steep rise of roughly 2,286 m (7,500 ft) from the Trango Glacier to the Southwest summit. * [[Uli Biaho|Uli Biaho Towers]], [[Baltoro Glacier]], Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan * [[Ultar Sar]] southwest face, Karakoram, [[Gilgit–Baltistan]], Pakistan, 3,000 m * [[World's End, Sri Lanka|World's End]], Horton Plains, Nuwara Eliya, Sri Lanka. It has a sheer drop of about 4000 ft (1200 m) * Various cliffs in [[Zhangjiajie National Forest Park]], Hunan Province, China. The cliffs can get to around 1,000 ft (300 m). ===Europe=== '''Above Sea''' *[[Beachy Head]], England, 162 m above the English Channel *[[Beinisvørð]], Faroe Islands, 470 m above North Atlantic *[[Belogradchik Rocks]], Bulgaria - up to 200 m high [[sandstone]] towers *[[Benwee Head]] Cliffs, [[Erris]], [[County Mayo]], Ireland, 304 m above Atlantic Ocean *[[Cabo Girão]], [[Madeira, Portugal]], 589 m above Atlantic Ocean *[[Cap Canaille]], France, 394 m above Mediterranean sea is the highest sea cliff in France *[[Cape Enniberg]], [[Faroe Islands]], 750 m above North Atlantic *Conachair, [[St Kilda, Scotland|St Kilda]], Scotland 427 m above Atlantic Ocean, highest sea cliff in the UK *[[Croaghaun]], [[Achill Island]], Ireland, 688 m above Atlantic Ocean *[[Dingli Cliffs]], Malta, 250 m above Mediterranean sea *Dvuglav, [[Rila]] Mountain, [[Bulgaria]] 460 m (south face) *[[Étretat]], France, 84 m above the English Channel *Faneque, [[Gran Canaria]], Spain, 1027 m above Atlantic Ocean *[[Hangman cliffs]], [[Devon]] 318 m above [[Bristol Channel]] is the highest sea cliff in England *High Cliff, between [[Boscastle]] and [[St Gennys]], 223 m above [[Celtic Sea]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.southwestcoastpath.com/main/sections/index.cfm?fsa=dspSectionDetail&w_id=147|title=Crackington Haven to Tintagel - a day's walk along the South West Coast Path|work=southwestcoastpath.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611114118/http://www.southwestcoastpath.com/main/sections/index.cfm?fsa=dspSectionDetail&w_id=147|archive-date=2011-06-11}}</ref> *[[Hornelen]], Norway, 860 m above Skatestraumen *[[:is:Hvanndalabjarg|Hvanndalabjarg]], [[Ólafsfjörður]], Iceland, 630 m above Atlantic Ocean *[[Jaizkibel]], Spain, 547 m above the [[Bay of Biscay]] *[[Kaliakra]] cliffs, [[Bulgaria]], more than 70 m above the [[Black Sea]] *The Kame, [[Foula]], [[Shetland]], 376 m above the North Atlantic, second highest sea cliff in the UK *[[Le Tréport]], France, 110 m above the English Channel *[[Cliffs of Moher]], Ireland, 217 m above Atlantic Ocean *[[Møns Klint]], Denmark, 143 m above Baltic Sea *[[Monte Solaro]], [[Capri, Italy]], 589 m above the Mediterranean Sea *[[Ontika]] Limestone cliff, [[Estonia]], 55 m above Baltic Sea. *[[Preikestolen]], Norway, 604 m above [[Lysefjorden]] *[[Slieve League]], Ireland, 601 m above Atlantic Ocean *[[Snake Island (Black Sea)|Snake Island]], Ukraine, 41 m above the Black Sea *[[Vixía Herbeira]], Northern [[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia]], Spain, 621 m above Atlantic Ocean *[[White cliffs of Dover]], England, 100 m above the [[Strait of Dover]] '''Above Land''' *[[Great north faces of the Alps|The six great north faces of the Alps]] ([[Eiger]] 1,500 m, [[Matterhorn]] 1,350 m, [[Grandes Jorasses]] 1,100 m, [[Aiguille du Dru|Petit Dru]] 1,000 m, and [[Piz Badile]] 850 m, [[Cima Grande di Lavaredo]] 450 m) *[[Giewont]] (north face), [[Tatra Mountains]], Poland, 852 m above '''Polana Strążyska''' [[Glade (geography)|glade]] *[[Kjerag]], [[Norway]] 984 m. *[[Mięguszowiecki Szczyt]] north face rises to 1,043 m above [[Morskie Oko]] lake level, [[High Tatras]], Poland *[[Troll Wall]], Norway 1,100 m above base *[[Vihren]] peak north face, [[Pirin]] Mountain, [[Bulgaria]] 460 m to the ([[Golemiya Kazan]]) *[[Torre Cerredo]] west face rises to 2,200 m above [[Cares]] river, [[Picos de Europa]], Spain *[[Naranjo de Bulnes]] west face rises 550 vertical metres above Vega Urriellu, [[Picos de Europa]], Spain *[[Vârful Coștila, Munții Bucegi]] peretele Văii Albe, [[Bucegi Mountains]], [[Romania]] 450 m vertical cliff and 1,600 m above [[Bușteni]] *[[Vratsata]], [[Vrachanski Balkan Nature Park]], [[Bulgaria]] 400 m <ref>{{Cite web |title=BULGARIAN CLIMBING AND MOUNTAINEERING FEDERATION |url=http://www.pza.org.pl/download/147949.pdf}}</ref> '''Submarine''' *[[Bouldnor Cliff]] - the waters of the coast of the [[Isle of Wight]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Smith |first1=Oliver|last2=Momber |first2=Gary |last3=Bates |first3=C Richard |last4=Garwood |first4=Paul |last5=Fitch |first5=Simon |last6=Gaffney|first6=Vincent|last7=Allaby|first7=Robin G |year=2015 |title=Sedimentary DNA from a submerged site reveals wheat in the British Isles 8000 years ago |script-title= |trans-title= |url=https://academic.microsoft.com/paper/1984240476/reference/search?q=Sedimentary%20DNA%20from%20a%20submerged%20site%20reveals%20wheat%20in%20the%20British%20Isles%208000%20years%20ago&qe=Or(Id%253D2116895571%252CId%253D1993435119%252CId%253D1979174656%252CId%253D2018483808%252CId%253D2945787902%252CId%253D1830428137%252CId%253D2169403284%252CId%253D2166818755%252CId%253D2091598883%252CId%253D2145263545%252CId%253D1480505396%252CId%253D2145911868%252CId%253D2150637445%252CId%253D2134943946%252CId%253D2072111616)&f=&orderBy=0 |access-date=7 June 2021 |journal=Science |publisher=sciencemag |publication-place=academic.microsoft.com |publication-date=2015 |volume=347 |issue=6225 |pages=998–1001|doi=10.1126/SCIENCE.1261278 |pmid=25722413|bibcode=2015Sci...347..998S|via=[[Microsoft Academic]] |hdl=10454/9405 |s2cid=1167101|hdl-access=free }}{{dead link|date=January 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> === Oceania === '''Above Sea''' * [[Ball's Pyramid]], a sea stack 562m high and only 200m across at its base * The Elephant, New Zealand, has cliffs falling approx 1180m into Milford Sound, and a 900m drop in less than 300 m horizontally * [[Great Australian Bight]] * [[Kalaupapa]], Hawaii, 1,010 m above Pacific Ocean * The Lion, New Zealand, 1,302 m above Milford Sound (drops from approx 1280m to sea level in a very short distance) * Lovers Leap, Highcliff, and The Chasm, on [[Otago Peninsula]], New Zealand, all 200 to 300 m above the Pacific Ocean * [[Mitre Peak, New Zealand|Mitre Peak]], New Zealand, 1,683 m above [[Milford Sound]] * [[Tasman National Park]], Tasmania, has 300m [[dolerite]] sea cliffs dropping directly to the ocean in columnar form * [[The Twelve Apostles (Victoria)]]. A series of sea stacks in Australia, ranging from approximately 50 to 70 m above the [[Bass Strait]] * [[Zuytdorp Cliffs]] in Western Australia '''Above Land''' * [[Mount Banks]] in the [[Blue Mountains National Park]], New South Wales, Australia: west of its saddle there is a 490 m fall within 100 M horizontally.<ref>{{cite book |title=Mount Wilson 1:25000 Map|date=May 2014|publisher=NSW Govt}}</ref>
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