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===Occurrence=== {| class="wikitable" style="clear: both;" ! colspan="2" | Language !! Word !! [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] !! Meaning !! Notes |- | [[Afrikaans]] || Standard{{sfnp|Donaldson|1993|pp=2, 5}} || {{lang|af|[[Afrikaans alphabet|b'''oe'''k]]}} || {{IPA|[bu̜k]}} || 'book' || Only weakly rounded.{{sfnp|Donaldson|1993|p=5}} See [[Afrikaans phonology]] |- | [[Arabic language|Arabic]] || [[Modern Standard Arabic|Standard]]{{sfnp|Thelwall|Sa'Adeddin|1990|p=38}} || {{lang|ar|[[Arabic alphabet|جنوب]]|rtl=yes}}/ǧanuub ||{{IPA|[d͡ʒaˈnuːb]}} || 'south' || See [[Arabic phonology]] |- | [[Armenian language|Armenian]] || [[Eastern Armenian|Eastern]]{{sfnp|Dum-Tragut|2009|p=13}} || {{lang|hy|[[Armenian alphabet|դուռ]]}}/dur ||{{IPA|[dur]}} || 'door' || |- | [[Bavarian language|Bavarian]] || [[Amstetten dialect]]<ref name="tm82">{{Harvcoltxt|Traunmüller|1982}}, cited in {{Harvcoltxt|Ladefoged|Maddieson|1996|p=290}}</ref> || '''u'''nd || {{IPA|[und̥]}} || 'and' || Contrasts close {{IPA|[u]}}, near-close {{IPAblink|o̝}}, close-mid {{IPAblink|o}} and open-mid {{IPAblink|ɔ}} back rounded vowels in addition to the open central unrounded {{IPAblink|ä}}.<ref name="tm82"/> |- | colspan="2" | [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]{{sfnp|Ternes|Vladimirova-Buhtz|1999|p=56}} || {{lang|bg|[[Bulgarian alphabet|л'''у'''д]]}}/lud ||{{IPA|[ɫut̪]}} || 'crazy' || See [[Bulgarian phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Catalan language|Catalan]]{{sfnp|Carbonell|Llisterri|1992|p=54}} || {{lang|ca|[[Catalan orthography|s'''u'''c]]}} || {{IPA|[s̺uk]}} || 'juice' || See [[Catalan phonology]] |- | rowspan="3" | [[Chinese language|Chinese]] || [[Standard Chinese|Mandarin]]{{sfnp|Lee|Zee|2003|pp=110–111}}{{sfnp|Duanmu|2007|pp=35–36}} || {{lang|cmn-Hani|[[Chinese characters|土]]}} / {{lang|cmn-Latn|[[Pinyin|t'''ǔ''']]}} || {{IPA|[tʰu˨˩˦]}}|| 'earth' || See [[Standard Chinese phonology]] |- | [[Cantonese]]{{sfnp|Zee|1999|pp=59–60}} || {{lang|yue|[[Chinese characters|夫]]}} / {{lang|yue-Latn|[[Yale romanization of Cantonese|f'''ū''']]}} || {{Audio-IPA|Yue-fu1.ogg|[fuː˥]|help=no}} || 'man' || See [[Cantonese phonology]] |- | [[Shanghainese]]{{sfnp|Chen|Gussenhoven|2015|pp=328–329}} || {{lang|wuu|[[Chinese characters|瓜]]}}/ku ||{{IPA|[ku˩]}} || 'melon' || Height varies between close and close-mid; contrasts with a close to close-mid back compressed vowel.{{sfnp|Chen|Gussenhoven|2015|pp=328–329}} |- | colspan="2" |[[Chuvash language|Chuvash]] |[[Cyrillic script|'''у'''рам]] |{{IPA|[uˈram]}} |'street' | |- | [[Danish language|Danish]] || Standard{{sfnp|Grønnum|1998|p=100}}{{sfnp|Basbøll|2005|p=46}} || {{lang|da|[[Danish and Norwegian alphabet|d'''u''']]}} || {{IPA|[tu]}} || 'you' || See [[Danish phonology]] |- | [[Dutch language|Dutch]] || Standard{{sfnp|Gussenhoven|1992|p=47}}{{sfnp|Verhoeven|2005|p=245}} || {{lang|nl|[[Dutch orthography|v'''oe'''t]]}} || {{Audio-IPA|Nl-voet.ogg|[vut]|help=no}} || 'foot' || Somewhat fronted in Belgian Standard Dutch.{{sfnp|Verhoeven|2005|p=245}} |- | rowspan="12" | [[English language|English]] || [[Australian English|Australian]]{{sfnp|Cox|Palethorpe|2007|p=344}}{{sfnp|Cox|Fletcher|2017|p=65}} || rowspan="2" | ''[[English orthography|b'''oo'''k]]'' || rowspan="2" | {{IPA|[buk]}} || rowspan="2" | 'book' || Corresponds to {{IPAblink|ʊ}} in other accents. See [[Australian English phonology]] |- | [[Cape Flats English|Cape Flats]]{{sfnp|Finn|2004|p=970}} || May be advanced to {{IPAblink|ʉ}}, or lowered and unrounded to {{IPAblink|ɤ}}.{{sfnp|Finn|2004|p=970}} See [[South African English phonology]] |- | Cultivated [[South African English|South African]]{{sfnp|Lass|2002|p=116}} || rowspan="9" | ''[[English orthography|b'''oo'''t]]'' || rowspan="7" | {{IPA|[bu̟ut]}}|| rowspan="9" | 'boot' || rowspan="2" | Typically [[Relative articulation#Advanced and retracted|more front]] than [[cardinal vowels|cardinal]] {{IPA|[uw]}}. See [[White South African English phonology]] and [[American English phonology]]. |- | [[General American]]{{sfnp|Mannell|Cox|Harrington|2009}} |- | [[Geordie]]{{sfnp|Watt|Allen|2003|p=268}} || May be central {{IPAblink|ʉː}} instead. |- | [[Hiberno-English|Irish]]<ref>{{cite book|title=A Handbook of Varieties of English Volume 1: Phonology|editor=Bernd Kortmann and Edgar W. Schneider |author=Raymond Hickey |publisher=De Gruyter|year=2004|pages=91}}</ref> || Realized as central {{IPAblink|ʉː}} in [[Ulster English|Ulster]]. |- | Some [[Multicultural London English|Multicultural London]] speakers{{sfnp|Cruttenden|2014|p=91}} || More commonly front {{IPAblink|yː}}. |- | Conservative [[Received Pronunciation]]{{sfnp|Roach|2004|p=242}} || Realized as central {{IPAblink|ʉ}} in modern RP. |- | [[Welsh English|Welsh]]{{sfnp|Collins|Mees|1990|p=95}}{{sfnp|Connolly|1990|p=125}}{{sfnp|Tench|1990|p=135}} |- | [[Pakistani English|Pakistani]]{{sfnp|Mahboob|Ahmar|2004|p=1007}} || {{IPA|[buːʈ]}} |- |[[New York City English|Greater New York City]]<ref>{{cite book|title=A Handbook of Varieties of English Volume 1: Phonology|editor=Bernd Kortmann and Edgar W. Schneider |author=Raymond Hickey |publisher=De Gruyter|year=2004|pages=287}}</ref> || {{IPA|[buːt]}}<ref>{{cite book|last1=Labov|first1=William|last2=Ash|first2=Sharon|last3=Boberg|first3=Charles|title=The Atlas of North American English|date=2006}} chpt. 17</ref> |- | [[New Zealand English|New Zealand]]<ref name="victoriauniv">{{cite web|title=NZE Phonology|page=3|publisher=Victoria University of Wellington|url=http://www.victoria.ac.nz/lals/research/projects/grinze-archived/publications/NZE_PhonologyPW.pdf}}</ref>{{sfnp|Bauer|Warren|2004|p=585}} || ''[[English orthography|treac'''le''']]'' || {{IPA|[ˈtɹ̝̊iːku]}} || 'treacle' || Possible realization of the unstressed vowel {{IPA|/ɯ/}}, which is variable in rounding and ranges from central to (more often) back and close to close-mid.<ref name="victoriauniv"/>{{sfnp|Bauer|Warren|2004|p=585}} Corresponds to {{IPA|/əl/}} in other accents. See [[New Zealand English phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Estonian language|Estonian]]{{sfnp|Asu|Teras|2009|p=368}} || {{lang|et|[[Estonian orthography|s'''u'''le]]}} || {{IPA|[ˈsule̞]}} || 'feather' (gen. sg.) || See [[Estonian phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Finnish language|Finnish]]{{sfnp|Iivonen|Harnud|2005|pp=60, 66}}{{sfnp|Suomi|Toivanen|Ylitalo|2008|p=21}} || {{lang|fi|[[Finnish orthography|k'''u'''kka]]}} || {{IPA|[ˈkukːɑ]}}|| 'flower'|| See [[Finnish phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Faroese language|Faroese]]{{sfnp|Árnason|2011|pp=68, 74}} || {{lang|fo|[[Faroese orthography|g'''u'''lur]]}} || {{IPA|[ˈkuːlʊɹ]}} || 'yellow' || See [[Faroese phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[French language|French]]{{sfnp|Fougeron|Smith|1993|p=73}}{{sfnp|Collins|Mees|2013|p=225}} || {{lang|fr|[[French orthography|'''où''']]}} || {{Audio-IPA|Où.ogg|[u]|help=no}} || 'where' || See [[French phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Georgian language|Georgian]]{{sfnp|Shosted|Chikovani|2006|pp=261–262}} || {{lang|ka|[[Georgian language#Writing system|გ'''უ'''და]]}}/guda ||{{IPA|[ɡudɑ]}}||'leather bag'|| |- | rowspan="2" | [[German language|German]] || [[Standard German|Standard]]{{sfnp|Hall|2003|pp=87, 107}}{{sfnp|Dudenredaktion|Kleiner|Knöbl|2015|p=34}} || {{lang|de|[[German orthography|F'''u'''ß]]}} || {{Audio-IPA|De-Fuß.ogg|[fuːs]|help=no}} || 'foot' || See [[Standard German phonology]] |- | Many speakers{{sfnp|Dudenredaktion|Kleiner|Knöbl|2015|p=64}} || {{lang|de|[[German orthography|St'''u'''nde]]}} || {{IPA|[ˈʃtundə]}} || 'hour' || The usual realization of {{IPA|/ʊ/}} in Switzerland, Austria and partially also in Western and Southwestern Germany (Palatinate, Swabia).{{sfnp|Dudenredaktion|Kleiner|Knöbl|2015|p=64}} See [[Standard German phonology]] |- | [[Greek language|Greek]] || [[Modern Greek|Modern]] Standard{{sfnp|Arvaniti|2007|p=28}}{{sfnp|Trudgill|2009|p=81}} || {{lang|el|[[Greek alphabet|π'''ου''']]}} / [[Romanization of Greek|''pou'']] || {{IPA|[pu]}} || 'where' || See [[Modern Greek phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]{{sfnp|Szende|1994|p=92}} || {{lang|hu|[[Hungarian alphabet|'''ú'''t]]}} || {{IPA|[uːt̪]}} || 'way' || See [[Hungarian phonology]] |- | colspan=2 | [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]]{{sfnp|Árnason|2011|p=60}}<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Einarsson|1945|p=10}}, cited in {{Harvcoltxt|Gussmann|2011|p=73}}</ref>|| {{lang|is|[[Icelandic orthography|þ'''ú''']]}}|| {{IPA|[θ̠u]}}|| 'you' || See [[Icelandic phonology]] |- |[[Indonesian language|Indonesian]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indonesian Alphabet and Pronunciation|url=http://mylanguages.org/indonesian_alphabet.php|access-date=2021-05-17|website=mylanguages.org}}</ref> |Standard Indonesian |''[[Indonesian Spelling System|'''u'''nta]]'' |[unta] |'camel' |See [[Indonesian phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Italian language|Italian]]{{sfnp|Rogers|d'Arcangeli|2004|p=119}} || {{lang|it|[[Italian orthography|t'''u'''tto]]}}||{{IPA|[ˈt̪ut̪t̪o]}}|| 'all', 'everything' || See [[Italian phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Kaingang language|Kaingang]]{{sfnp|Jolkesky|2009|pp=676–677, 682}} || {{IPA|}}|| [ˈndukːi] ||'in the belly' |- | colspan="2" | [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]] || т'''у'''ған/''tuğan'' || {{IPA|[t̪ʰuˈʁɑ̝̃n̪]}} || 'native' || Transcribed phonemically as {{angbr IPA|ʊw}} |- | colspan="2" | [[Khmer language|Khmer]] || {{lang|km|[[Khmer script|ភូមិ]]}} / {{Transliteration|km|ph'''u'''mĭ}} || {{IPA|[pʰuːm]}} || 'village' || See [[Khmer phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Korean language|Korean]] || {{lang|ko-Hang|[[Hangul|눈]]}} / {{lang|ko-Latn|[[Revised Romanization of Korean|n'''u'''n]]}} || {{IPA|[nuːn]}}|| 'snow'|| See [[Korean phonology]] |- | rowspan="3" |[[Kurdish languages|Kurdish]]{{sfnp|Thackston|2006a|p=1}}{{sfnp|Khan|Lescot|1970|pp=8-16}}<ref>Fattah describes the sound as being ''voyelle longue centrale arrondie (p. 116)''.</ref> |[[Kurmanji|Kurmanji (Northern)]] |{{lang|ku|[[Kurdish orthography|ç'''û''']]}} | rowspan="3" |{{IPA|[tʃʰuː]}} | rowspan="3" |'wood' | rowspan="3" |See [[Kurdish phonology]] |- |[[Sorani|Sorani (Central)]] | rowspan="2" |{{lang|ku|[[Kurdish orthography|چ'''وو''']]}}/ç'''û''' |- |[[Palewani|Palewani (Southern)]] |- | [[Latin]] || [[Classical Latin|Classical]]{{sfnp|Wheelock's Latin|1956}} || {{lang|la|[[Latin orthography|s'''u'''s]]}} || {{IPA|[suːs]}} || 'pig' || |- | colspan="2" | [[Limburgish language|Limburgish]]{{sfnp|Gussenhoven|Aarts|1999|p=159}}{{sfnp|Peters|2006|p=119}} || {{lang|li|sj'''oe'''n}} || {{IPA|[ʃu̟n]}} || 'beautiful' || Back{{sfnp|Peters|2006|p=119}} or near-back,{{sfnp|Gussenhoven|Aarts|1999|p=159}} depending on the dialect. The example word is from the [[Maastrichtian dialect]]. |- | colspan="2" | [[Lower Sorbian language|Lower Sorbian]]{{sfnp|Stone|2002|p=600}} || {{lang|dsb|z'''u'''b}} || {{IPA|[z̪up]}} || 'tooth' || |- | colspan="2" | [[Luxembourgish language|Luxembourgish]]{{sfnp|Gilles|Trouvain|2013|p=70}} || {{lang|lb|L'''uu'''cht}} || {{IPA|[luːχt]}} || 'air' || See [[Luxembourgish phonology]] |- | colspan="2" |[[Malay language|Malay]] |'''''u'''bat'' |{{IPA|[u.bät]}} |'medicine' |See [[Malay phonology]] |- | colspan="2" |[[Malayalam language|Malayalam]] |{{Lang|ml|'''ഉ'''പ്പ്}} |{{IPA|upːɨ̆}} |'Salt' |See [[Malayalam phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Mongolian language|Mongolian]]{{sfnp|Iivonen|Harnud|2005|pp=62, 66–67}} || {{lang|mn-Cyrl|[[Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet|'''үү'''р]]}}/üür ||{{IPA|[uːɾɘ̆]}}|| 'nest'|| |- | colspan="2" | [[Mpade language|Mpade]]{{sfnp|Allison|2006}} || {{lang|mpi|k'''u'''s'''u'''m'''u'''}} || {{IPA|[kusumu]}} || 'mouse' || |- | colspan="2" | [[Nogai language|Nogai]] || {{lang|nog|с'''ув'''}} ||{{IPA|[suː]}}|| 'water'|| |- | colspan="2" |[[Persian language|Persian]] |[[Persian orthography|د'''و'''ر]]/dur |[duɾ] |'far' |See [[Persian phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Polish language|Polish]]{{sfnp|Jassem|2003|p=105}} || {{lang|pl|[[Polish orthography|b'''u'''k]]}} || {{Audio-IPA|Pl-buk.ogg|[buk]|help=no}} || 'beech tree' || Also represented orthographically by {{angbr|ó}}. See [[Polish phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]{{sfnp|Cruz-Ferreira|1995|p=91}} || {{lang|pt|[[Portuguese orthography|t'''u''']]}} || {{IPA|[ˈtu]}} || 'you'|| See [[Portuguese phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Romanian language|Romanian]]{{sfnp|Sarlin|2014|p=18}} || {{lang|ro|[[Romanian alphabet|'''u'''n'''u''']]}} || {{IPA|[ˈun̪u]}} || 'one' || See [[Romanian phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Russian language|Russian]]{{sfnp|Jones|Ward|1969|p=67}} || {{lang|ru|[[Russian orthography|'''у'''зкий]]}}/uzkiy/uzkij ||{{Audio-IPA|Ru-узкий.ogg|[ˈus̪kʲɪj]|help=no}} || 'narrow' || See [[Russian phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Scottish Gaelic language|Scottish Gaelic]] || [[Scottish Gaelic orthography|'''''ù'''bhlan'']] || {{IPA|[ˈuːl̪ˠən]}} || 'apples' || Normal realisation of {{IPA|/uː/}} in most dialects. In Lewis and Wester Ross as an allophone in proximity to broad sonorants; {{IPA|/uː/}} elsewhere fronted to {{IPAblink|ʉː}} or {{IPAblink|yː}}.<ref name="SGDS">{{Cite web|title=Aspiration|url=https://doug5181.wixsite.com/sgdsmaps/page9|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-23|website=Scottish Gaelic Dialect Survey|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210424000221/https://doug5181.wixsite.com/sgdsmaps/page9 |archive-date=2021-04-24 }}</ref>{{sfnp|Oftedal|1956|p=75–76}} |- | colspan="2" | [[Serbo-Croatian]]{{sfnp|Landau|Lončarića|Horga|Škarić|1999|p=67}} || {{lang|sh-Cyrl|[[Serbian Cyrillic alphabet|д'''у'''га]]}} / {{lang|sh-Latn|[[Gaj's Latin alphabet|d'''u'''ga]]}} || {{IPA|[d̪ǔːɡä]}} || 'rainbow' || See [[Serbo-Croatian phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Shiwiar language|Shiwiar]]{{sfnp|Fast Mowitz|1975|p=2}} || {{example needed|date=July 2015}} || || || |- | colspan="2" | [[Spanish language|Spanish]]{{sfnp|Martínez-Celdrán|Fernández-Planas|Carrera-Sabaté|2003|p=256}} || {{lang|es|[[Spanish orthography|c'''u'''rable]]}} || {{IPA|[kuˈɾäβ̞le̞]}} || 'curable' || See [[Spanish phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Sotho language|Sotho]]{{sfnp|Doke|Mofokeng|1974|p=?}} || {{lang|st|[[Sotho orthography|t'''u'''mo]]}} || {{IPA|[tʼumɔ]}} || 'fame' || Contrasts close, near-close and close-mid back rounded vowels.{{sfnp|Doke|Mofokeng|1974|p=?}} See [[Sotho phonology]] |- | colspan="2" |[[Swahili language|Swahili]] |{{lang|sw|'''u'''bongo}} |[ubongo] |'brain' | |- | colspan="2" |[[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] |{{lang|tl|[[Filipino orthography|'''u'''tang]]}} |[ˈʔutɐŋ] |'debt' | |- | [[Thai language|Thai]] || Standard{{sfnp|Tingsabadh|Abramson|1993|p=24}} || ชลบุรี/chonb'''u'''ri || style="text-align:center;" |{{Audio-IPA|th-chonburi.ogg|[tɕ͡ʰōn.bū.rīː]}} || '[[Chonburi Province|Chonburi]]' || |- | colspan="2" | [[Turkish language|Turkish]]{{sfnp|Zimmer|Orgun|1999|p=155}}{{sfnp|Göksel|Kerslake|2005|p=11}} || {{lang|tr|[[Turkish alphabet|'''u'''zak]]}} || {{IPA|[uˈz̪äk]}} || 'far' || See [[Turkish phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Udmurt language|Udmurt]]{{sfnp|Iivonen|Harnud|2005|pp=64, 68}} || {{lang|udm-Cyrl|[[Cyrillic script|'''у'''рэтэ]]}}/urėtė ||{{IPA|[urete]}} || 'to divide' || |- | colspan="2" | [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]{{sfnp|Danyenko|Vakulenko|1995|p=4}} ||{{lang|uk|[[Ukrainian alphabet|р'''у'''х]]}}/rukh ||{{IPA|[rux]}}|| 'motion'|| See [[Ukrainian phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Upper Sorbian language|Upper Sorbian]]{{sfnp|Stone|2002|p=600}}{{sfnp|Šewc-Schuster|1984|p=20}} || {{lang|hsb|ž'''u'''k}} || {{IPA|[ʒuk]}} || 'beetle' || |- | colspan="2" | [[Urdu language|Urdu]] || {{Lang|ur|[[Urdu alphabet|دُ'''و'''ر]]|rtl=yes}}/dur || {{IPA|[duɾ]}} || 'far' || See [[Urdu phonology]] |- | colspan="2" |[[Welsh language|Welsh]] |m'''w'''g |[muːɡ] |'smoke' |See [[Welsh phonology]] |- | colspan="2" |[[West Frisian language|West Frisian]] |j'''û'''n |[juːn] |'evening, tonight' |See [[West Frisian phonology]] |- | colspan="2" | [[Yoruba language|Yoruba]]{{sfnp|Bamgboṣe|1966|p=166}} || itọju || [itɔju] | || |- | [[Zapotec languages|Zapotec]]|| [[Tilquiapan Zapotec|Tilquiapan]]{{sfnp|Merrill|2008|p=109}} || ''gd'''u''''' || {{IPA|[ɡdu]}} || 'all' || |}
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