Editing Common iora (section)

==Behaviour and ecology==
Ioras forage in trees in small groups, gleaning among the branches for insects. They sometimes join mixed species feeding flocks. The call is a mixture of ''churrs'', chattering and whistles, and the song is a trilled ''wheeeee-tee''. They may sometimes imitate the calls of other birds such as drongos.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Mimicry by common Iora ''Aegithina tiphia''|author=Bharos, A. M. K.|journal=J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc.|year=1998|volume=95| issue=1| page=116|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48604636}}</ref>
[[File:Common Iora (Aegithina tiphia) in Hyderabad W IMG 8863.jpg|thumb|left|''A. t. multicolor'': male in [[Hyderabad, India]]]]
During the breeding season, mainly after the monsoons, the male performs an acrobatic courtship display, darting up into the air fluffing up all his feathers, especially those on the pale green rump, then spiralling down to the original perch. Once he lands, he spreads his tail and droops his wings.<ref name=fbi2/> Two to four greenish white eggs are laid in a small and compact cup-shaped nest made out of grass and bound with cobwebs and placed in the fork of a tree. Both male and female incubate<ref>{{cite journal|author=Wesley, H Daniel |year=1984| title= Frequency and duration of incubation of the eggs for ''Aegithina tiphia''| journal=J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. |volume=81|issue=1|pages=193–195|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48874101}}</ref> and eggs hatch after about 14 days. Nests predators include snakes, lizards, crow-pheasant and crows.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Ali, S |year=1931| title= Casualties among the eggs and young of small birds|journal=J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc.|volume=34|issue=4|pages=1062–1067|url=https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48294439}}</ref> Nests may also be brood-parasitized by the [[banded bay cuckoo]].<ref name=hbk>{{cite book|author1=Ali, S  |author2=SD Ripley|pages=47–54|title=Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan. Volume 6|edition=2nd|year=1996|publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref>

Ioras moult twice in a year and the plumage variation makes them somewhat complicated for plumage based separation of the populations.<ref name=hbk/>

A species of ''[[Haemoproteus]]'', ''H. aethiginae'', was described from a specimen of the common iora from Goa.<ref>{{cite journal|author= de Mello, I.
|title= New hæmoproteids of some Indian birds
| journal= Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Section B
| year=1935|volume=2|issue=5|pages=469–475|doi=10.1007/BF03053034
|s2cid= 82402365
}}</ref>

<gallery perrow="6">
File:Common Iora (Aegithina tiphia) in Hyderabad W IMG 8862.jpg|''A. t. multicolor'': male calling in [[Hyderabad, India]].
File:Common Iora (Aegithina tiphia) in Hyderabad W IMG 5622.jpg|''A. t. multicolor'': female in Hyderabad
File:Common Iora (Aegithina tiphia) in Hyderabad W IMG 5618.jpg|''A. t. multicolor'': female in Hyderabad
File:Common Iora (Aegithina tiphia) in Narshapur, AP W IMG 1144.jpg|''A. t. multicolor'': female in [[Narsapur, Medak district]], India
Image:Common Iora (Aegithina tiphia) in Hyderabad, AP W2 IMG 9809.jpg|''A. t. multicolor'': male in Hyderabad
File:Common Iora (Aegithina tiphia) in Kawal, AP W IMG 1517.jpg|''A. t. multicolor'': female in Narsapur
File:Common Iora (Aegithina tiphia) calling W IMG_7709.jpg|''A. t. multicolor'': male calling in [[Shamirpet]], [[Rangareddy district]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], India
Image:Aegithina tiphia-20080910.jpg|Adult breeding male, [[Singapore]]
Image:Aegithina tiphia-20080910B.jpg|Adult breeding male, Singapore
Image:Common Iora scientific name Aegithina tiphia by Sumita Roy Dutta at Sajnekhali Bird Sanctuary IMG 8289.jpg|Common Iora: female at [[Sajnakhali Wildlife Sanctuary]]
</gallery>

<gallery perrow="4" widths="180" heights="170" caption="Museum specimens for subspecies at Naturalis">
File:Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.AVES.92893 1 - Aegithina tiphia aequanimis Bangs, 1922 - Irenidae - bird skin specimen.jpeg|''Aegithina tiphia aequanimis Bangs, 1922'', male
File:Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.AVES.92893 2 - Aegithina tiphia aequanimis Bangs, 1922 - Irenidae - bird skin specimen.jpeg|''Aegithina tiphia aequanimis Bangs, 1922'', male, same specimen
File:Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.AVES.92894 1 - Aegithina tiphia aequanimis Bangs, 1922 - Irenidae - bird skin specimen.jpeg|''Aegithina tiphia aequanimis Bangs, 1922'', female
File:Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.AVES.92894 2 - Aegithina tiphia aequanimis Bangs, 1922 - Irenidae - bird skin specimen.jpeg|''Aegithina tiphia aequanimis Bangs, 1922'', female, same specimen
File:Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.AVES.126754 1 - Aegithina tiphia multicolor (Gmelin, 1789) - Irenidae - bird skin specimen.jpeg|''Aegithina tiphia multicolor (Gmelin, 1789)'', male
File:Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.AVES.126754 2 - Aegithina tiphia multicolor (Gmelin, 1789) - Irenidae - bird skin specimen.jpeg|''Aegithina tiphia multicolor (Gmelin, 1789)'', male, same specimen
File:Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.AVES.126760 1 - Aegithina tiphia multicolor (Gmelin, 1789) - Irenidae - bird skin specimen.jpeg|''Aegithina tiphia multicolor (Gmelin, 1789)'', female
File:Naturalis Biodiversity Center - RMNH.AVES.126760 2 - Aegithina tiphia multicolor (Gmelin, 1789) - Irenidae - bird skin specimen.jpeg|''Aegithina tiphia multicolor (Gmelin, 1789)'', female, same specimen
</gallery>
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Hall,BP (1957): The taxonomic importance of variation in non-breeding
  plumage in ''Aegithina tiphia'' and ''A. nigrolutea''. Ibis 99, 143-156.
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