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Common snook
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===Habitat ecology=== The common snook is an estuarine and freshwater-dependent fish species.<ref name=Taylor>{{cite journal|last1=Taylor|first1=R.G.|last2=Grier|first2=H.J.|last3=Whittington|first3=J.A.|title=Spawning rhythms of common snook in Florida|journal=Journal of Fish Biology|date=1998|volume=53|issue=3|pages=502β520|doi=10.1111/j.1095-8649.1998.tb00998.x|bibcode=1998JFBio..53..502T }}</ref> Within estuaries, juvenile common snook are most often found inhabiting areas such as coastal wetland ponds, island networks, and creeks.<ref name=Stevens>{{cite journal|last1=Stevens|first1=P.W.|last2=Blewett|first2=D.A.|last3=Poulakis|first3=G.R.|title=Variable habitat use by juvenile common snook, Centropomus undecimalis (Pisces: Centropomidae): applying a life-history model in a southwest Florida estuary|journal=Bulletin of Marine Science|date=2007|volume=80|issue=1|pages=93β108|url=http://docserver.ingentaconnect.com/deliver/connect/umrsmas/00074977/v80n1/s5.pdf?expires=1406513293&id=78767465&titleid=10983&accname=Guest+User&checksum=93E9D1EFD64C8EE789C03A2BE2AB2B7F}}</ref> Despite being a [[euryhaline]] species of fish, the common snook shows a tendency to gravitate towards lower-salinity conditions in the early stages of its life.<ref name=Peterson>{{cite journal|last1=Peterson|first1=M.S.|last2=Gilmore|first2=G.R.|title=Eco-Physiology of Juvenile Snook Centropomus Undecimalis (Bloch): Life-History Implications|journal=Bulletin of Marine Science|date=1991|volume=48|issue=1|pages=46β57|url=http://www.usm.edu/gcrl/cv/peterson.mark/docs/2007.05.14%20Peterson%20and%20Gilmore%201991.pdf}}</ref> By being able to adapt and thrive in both high- and low-salinity conditions through [[osmoregulation]], common snook display a high level of habitat [[Phenotypic plasticity|plasticity]].<ref name=Rhody>{{cite journal|last1=Rhody|first1=N.R.|last2=Nassif|first2=N.A.|last3=Main|first3=K.L.|title=Sarasota, FL, US, p. 30. Rhody, N. R., Nassif, N. A., and Main, K. L. 2010. Effects of salinity on growth and survival of common snook Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792) larvae|journal=Aquaculture Research|date=2010|volume=41|issue=9|pages=357β360|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2109.2010.02511.x|doi-access=free}}</ref> Common snook are [[Predation|opportunistic predators]] whose feeding habits indicate a positive relationship between their size and the size of their prey, meaning that as the snook grows, it feeds on larger and larger prey.<ref name=Blewett>{{cite journal|last1=Blewett|first1=N.R.|last2=Hensley|first2=R.A.|last3=Stevens|first3=P.W.|title=Feeding habits of common snook, Centropomus undecimalis, in Charlotte Harbor, Florida|journal=Gulf and Caribbean Research|date=2006|volume=18|page=1|doi=10.18785/gcr.1801.01|url=http://www.usm.edu/gcrl/gulf_caribbean_research/docs/Abstracts%20from%20Vol%2018%202005.pdf|access-date=2014-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728100506/http://www.usm.edu/gcrl/gulf_caribbean_research/docs/Abstracts%20from%20Vol%2018%202005.pdf|archive-date=2014-07-28|url-status=dead}}</ref> Common snook occasionally engage in [[Cannibalism (zoology)|cannibalism]].<ref name="Adams and Wolfe">{{cite journal|last1=Adams|first1=A.J.|last2=Wolfe|first2=R.K.|title=Cannibalism of juveniles by adult common snook (Centropomus undecimalis)|journal=Gulf of Mexico Science|date=2006|volume=24|issue=1/2|page=11|url=http://fishermanscoast.com/research/Adams%20and%20Wolfe%20GOMS%202006%20snook.pdf}}</ref> This usually occurs during the winter when adults and juveniles are in close proximity to one another within their estuarine habitats.<ref name="Adams and Wolfe" /> This form of cannibalism where the juveniles are fed on by the adults is referred to as intercohort cannibalism.<ref name="Adams and Wolfe" /> The adult common snook that cannibalize juveniles most likely target them because the juveniles may be the largest of the available prey, so are nutritionally efficient to prey upon.<ref name="Adams and Wolfe" />
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