Editing Computational photography (section)

==Computational optics==

This is capture of optically coded images, followed by computational decoding to produce new images.
[[Coded aperture]] imaging was mainly applied in astronomy or X-ray imaging to boost the image quality. Instead of a single pin-hole, a pinhole pattern is applied in imaging, and [[deconvolution]] is performed to recover the image.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Martinello|first1=Manuel|title=Coded Aperture Imaging|url=http://www.manemarty.com/Publications_files/Martinello_PhDThesis_small.pdf}}</ref> In [[coded exposure imaging]], the on/off state of the shutter is coded to modify the kernel of [[motion blur]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://web.media.mit.edu/~raskar/deblur/ |title=Coded Exposure Photography: Motion Deblurring using Fluttered Shutter |first1=Ramesh |last1=Raskar |first2=Amit |last2=Agrawal |first3=Jack |last3=Tumblin |year=2006 |access-date=November 29, 2010}}</ref> In this way motion deblurring becomes a [[well-conditioned problem]]. Similarly, in a lens based coded aperture, the aperture can be modified by inserting a [[broadband mask]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://web.media.mit.edu/~raskar/Mask/ |title=Dappled Photography: Mask Enhanced Cameras for Heterodyned Light Fields and Coded Aperture Refocusing |first1=Ashok |last1=Veeraraghavan |first2=Ramesh |last2=Raskar |first3=Amit |last3=Agrawal |first4=Ankit |last4=Mohan |first5=Jack |last5=Tumblin |year=2007 |access-date=November 29, 2010}}</ref> Thus, out of focus deblurring becomes a well-conditioned problem. The coded aperture can also improve the quality in light field acquisition using Hadamard transform optics.

Coded aperture patterns can also be designed using color filters, in order to apply different codes at different wavelengths.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Martinello|first=Manuel|last2=Wajs|first2=Andrew|last3=Quan|first3=Shuxue|last4=Lee|first4=Hank|last5=Lim|first5=Chien|last6=Woo|first6=Taekun|last7=Lee|first7=Wonho|last8=Kim|first8=Sang-Sik|last9=Lee|first9=David|year=2015|title=Dual Aperture Photography: Image and Depth from a Mobile Camera|url=http://www.manemarty.com/Publications_files/Martinello_ICCP2015_small.pdf|journal=International Conference on Computational Photography}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Chakrabarti|first=A.|last2=Zickler|first2=T.|year=2012|title=Depth and deblurring from a spectrally-varying depth-of-field.|journal=IEEE European Conference on Computer Vision|volume=7576|pages=648–666|url=https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/12006818/84587892.pdf;sequence=1}}</ref> This allows to increase the amount of light that reaches the camera sensor, compared to binary masks.