Editing Computer-aided software engineering (section)

=== Tools ===
CASE tools support specific tasks in the software development life-cycle. They can be divided into the following categories:
# Business and analysis modeling: Graphical modeling tools. E.g., E/R modeling, object modeling, etc.
# Development: Design and construction phases of the life-cycle. Debugging environments. E.g., [[IISE LKO]].
# [[Software verification and validation|Verification and validation]]: Analyze code and specifications for [[correctness (computer science)|correctness]], performance, etc.
# Configuration management: Control the check-in and check-out of repository objects and files. E.g., [[Source Code Control System|SCCS]], IISE.
# Metrics and measurement: Analyze code for complexity, modularity (e.g., no "go to's"), performance, etc. 
# Project management: Manage project plans, task assignments, scheduling.

Another common way to distinguish CASE tools is the distinction between Upper CASE and Lower CASE. Upper CASE Tools support business and analysis modeling. They support traditional diagrammatic languages such as [[ER diagram]]s, [[Data flow diagram]], [[Structure chart]]s, [[Decision Tree]]s, [[Decision table]]s, etc. Lower CASE Tools support development activities, such as physical design, debugging, construction, testing, component integration, maintenance, and reverse engineering. All other activities span the entire life-cycle and apply equally to upper and lower CASE.<ref>Software Engineering: Tools, Principles and Techniques by Sangeeta Sabharwal, Umesh Publications</ref>