Editing Count (section)

==Comital titles in different European languages==
The following lists are originally based on a Glossary on Heraldica.org by Alexander Krischnig. The male form is followed by the female, and when available, by the territorial circumscription.

=== Etymological derivations from the Latin {{lang|la|comes}} ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col" | [[Language]]
! width=250pt | Male title
! scope="col" | Female title/Spouse
! scope="col" | Territory/Notes
|-
! scope="row" | [[Albanian language|Albanian]]
| {{lang|sq|Kont}}
| {{lang|sq|Konteshë}}
| {{lang|sq|Konte}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Armenian language|Armenian]]
| {{lang|hy|Կոմս}} ({{lang|hy-Latn|Koms}})
| {{lang|hy|Կոմսուհի}} ({{lang|hy-Latn|Komsuhi}})
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]
| {{lang|bg|Кмет}} ({{lang|bg-Latn|Kmet}}), present meaning: mayor;<br>medieval (9th-century) {{lang|bg|Комит}} ({{lang|bg-Latn|Komit}}): hereditary provincial ruler
| {{lang|bg|Кметица}} ({{lang|bg-Latn|Kmetitsa}}), woman mayor<br>{{lang|bg|Кметша}} ({{lang|bg-Latn|Kmetsha}}), mayor's wife
| {{lang|bg|Кметство}} ({{lang|bg-Latn|Kmetstvo}}); medieval {{lang|bg|Комитат}} ({{lang|bg-Latn|Komitat}})
|-
! scope="row" | [[Catalan language|Catalan]]
| {{lang|ca|Comte}}
| {{lang|ca|Comtessa}}
| {{lang|ca|Comtat}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[English language|English]]
| ''Count''
| Countess (even where Earl applies)
| ''Earldom'' for an Earl; ''Countship'' or ''county'' for a count. ([[County]] persists in English-speaking countries as a sub-national administrative division.)<br>"Count" applies to titles granted by monarchies other than the British, for which [[Earl]] applies.
|-

! scope="row" | [[French language|French]]
| {{lang|fr|Comte}}
| {{lang|fr|Comtesse}}
| {{lang|fr|Comté}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Greek language|Greek]]
| {{lang|grc|Κόμης}} ({{lang|grc-Latn|Kómēs}})
| {{lang|grc|Κόμησσα}} ({{lang|grc-Latn|Kómēssa}})
| {{lang|grc|Κομητεία}} ({{lang|grc-Latn|Komēteía}}); in the [[Ionian Islands]] the corresponding [[Italian language|Italianate]] terms {{lang|grc|κόντες}} {{lang|grc-Latn|kóntes}}, {{lang|grc|κοντέσσα}} {{lang|grc-Latn|kontéssa}} were used instead.
|-
! scope="row" | [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]
| {{lang|hu|Vikomt}}
| {{lang|hu|Vikomtessz}}
| Actually meaning viscount. These forms are now archaic or literary; {{lang|hu|Gróf}} is used instead.
|-
! scope="row" | [[Irish language|Irish]]
| {{lang|ga|Cunta}}
| {{lang|ga|Cuntaois}}
| Honorary title only.
|-
! scope="row" | [[Italian language|Italian]]
| {{lang|it|Conte}}
| {{lang|it|Contessa}}
| {{lang|it|Contea}}, {{lang|it|Contado}}
|-
! scope="row" style="font-weight: normal;" | '''[[Latin]]'''<br> (medieval and later; not classical)
| {{lang|la|[[Comes]]}}
| {{lang|la|Comitissa}}
| {{lang|la|Comitatus}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Maltese language|Maltese]]
| {{lang|mt|Konti}}
| {{lang|mt|Kontessa}}
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[Monegasque language|Monegasque]]
| {{lang|lij-MC|Conte}}
| {{lang|lij-MC|Contessa}}
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]
| {{lang|pt|[[#In Iberia|Conde]]}}
| {{lang|pt|Condessa}}
| {{lang|pt|Condado}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Romanian language|Romanian]]
| {{lang|ro|Conte}}
| {{lang|ro|Contesă}}
| {{lang|ro|Comitat}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Romansh language|Romansh]]
| {{lang|rm|Cont}}
| {{lang|rm|Contessa}}
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[Spanish language|Spanish]]
| {{lang|es|[[#In Iberia|Conde]]}}
| {{lang|es|Condesa}}
| {{lang|es|Condado}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Turkish language|Turkish]]
| {{lang|tr|Kont}}
| {{lang|tr|Kontes}}
| {{lang|tr|Kontluk}}
|}

=== Etymological derivations from German {{lang|de|Graf}} or Dutch {{lang|nl|Graaf}} ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col" | [[Language]]
! scope="col" | Male title
! scope="col" | Female title / Spouse
! scope="col" | Territory
|-
! scope="row" | [[Afrikaans]]
| {{lang|af|Graaf}}
| {{lang|af|Gravin}}
| {{lang|af|Graafskap}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Belarusian language|Belarusian]]
| {{lang|be|Граф}} ({{lang|be-Latn|Hraf}})
| {{lang|be|Графiня}} ({{lang|be-Latn|Hrafinia}})
| {{lang|be|Графствa}} ({{lang|be-Latn|Hrafstva}})
|-
! scope="row" | [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]
| {{lang|bg|Граф}} ({{lang|bg-Latn|Graf}})
| {{lang|bg|Графиня}} ({{lang|bg-Latn|Grafinya}})
| {{lang|bg|Графство}} ({{lang|bg-Latn|Grafstvo}})
|-
! scope="row" | [[Croatian language|Croatian]]
| {{lang|hr|Grof}}
| {{lang|hr|Grofica}}
| {{lang|hr|Grofovija}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Czech language|Czech]]
| {{lang|cs|Hrabě}}
| {{lang|cs|Hraběnka}}
| {{lang|cs|Hrabství}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Danish language|Danish]]
| {{lang|da|Greve}}
| {{lang|da|Grevinde}} (Count's wife)<br/>{{lang|da|Komtesse}} (Unmarried daughter of a count)
| {{lang|da|Grevskab}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
| {{lang|nl|Graaf}}
| {{lang|nl|Gravin}}
| {{lang|nl|Graafschap}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[English language|English]]
| Grave (for example ''Landgrave'', ''Margrave''), [[reeve (England)|reeve]], [[sheriff]]
| Gravin
| Graviate
|-
! scope="row" | [[Estonian language|Estonian]]
| {{lang|et|Krahv}}
| {{lang|et|Krahvinna}}
| {{lang|et|Krahvkond}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Finnish language|Finnish]]
| {{lang|fi|Kreivi}}
| {{lang|fi|Kreivitär}}
| {{lang|fi|Kreivikunta}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[German language|German]]
| {{lang|de|[[Graf]]}}
| {{lang|de|[[Gräfin]]}}
| {{lang|de|Grafschaft}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Greek language|Greek]]
| {{lang|el|Γράβος}} (Gravos)
|
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[Georgian language|Georgian]]
| {{lang|ka|გრაფი/თავადი}} ({{lang|ka-Latn|Grapi/Tavadi}})
| {{lang|ka|გრაფინია/თავადი}} ({{lang|ka-Latn|Grapinia/Tavadi}})
| {{lang|ka|საგრაფო/სათავადო}} ({{lang|ka-Latn|Sagrapo /Satavado}})
|-
! scope="row" | [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]
| {{lang|hu|Gróf}}
| {{lang|hu|Grófnő}} (born a countess), {{lang|hu|Grófné}} (married to a count)
| {{lang|hu|Grófság}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Icelandic language|Icelandic]]
| {{lang|is|Greifi}}
| {{lang|is|Greifynja}}
| {{lang|is|Greifadæmi}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Latvian language|Latvian]]
| {{lang|lv|Grāfs}}
| {{lang|lv|Grāfiene}}
| {{lang|lv|Grāfiste}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]]
| {{lang|lt|Grafas}}
| {{lang|lt|Grafienė}}
| {{lang|lt|Grafystė}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Luxembourgish language|Luxembourgish]]
| {{lang|lb|Grof}}
| {{lang|lb|Gréifin}}
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[Macedonian language|Macedonian]]
| {{lang|mk|Гроф}} ({{lang|mk-Latn|Grof}})
| {{lang|mk|Грофица}} ({{lang|mk-Latn|Grofica}})
| {{lang|mk|Грофовија}} ({{lang|mk-Latn|Grofovija}})
|-
! scope="row" | [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]]
| {{lang|no|Greve/Greive}}
| {{lang|no|Grevinne}}
| {{lang|no|Grevskap}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Polish language|Polish]]
| {{lang|pl|[[Hrabia]]}}, {{lang|pl|Margrabia}}<br/>(non-native titles)
| {{lang|pl|[[Hrabina]]}}, {{lang|pl|Margrabina}}<br/>(non-native titles)
| {{lang|pl|Hrabstwo}} (translation of foreign term "county")
|-
! scope="row" | [[Romanian language|Romanian]]
| {{lang|ro|Grof}} (also {{lang|ro|Conte}}, ''see above''), ''Greav''
|''Grofiță''
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[Russian language|Russian]]
| {{lang|ru|Граф}} ({{lang|ru-Latn|Graf}})
| {{lang|ru|Графиня}} ({{lang|ru-Latn|Grafinya}})
| {{lang|ru|Графство}} ({{lang|ru-Latn|Grafstvo}})
|-
! scope="row" | [[Serbian language|Serbian]]
| {{lang|sr|Гроф}} ({{lang|sr-Latn|Grof}})
| {{lang|sr|Грофица}} ({{lang|sr-Latn|Grofica}})
| {{lang|sr|Грофовија}} ({{lang|sr-Latn|Grofovija}})
|-
! scope="row" | [[Slovak language|Slovak]]
| {{lang|sk|Gróf}}
| {{lang|sk|Grófka}}
| {{lang|sk|Grófstvo}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Slovene language|Slovene]]
| {{lang|sl|Grof}}
| {{lang|sl|Grofica}}
| {{lang|sl|Grofija}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Swedish language|Swedish]]
| {{lang|sv|Greve}}
| {{lang|sv|Grevinna}}
| {{lang|sv|Grevskap}}
|-
! scope="row" | [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]
| {{lang|uk|Граф}} ({{lang|uk-Latn|Hraf}})
| {{lang|uk|Графиня}} ({{lang|uk-Latn|Hrafynya}})
| {{lang|uk|Графство}} ({{lang|uk-Latn|Hrafstvo}})
|}

===Compound and related titles===
Apart from all these, a few unusual titles have been of comital rank, not necessarily permanently.
* {{lang|fr|[[Dauphin of France|Dauphin]]}} (English: ''Dolphin''; {{langx|es|Delfín|links=no}}; {{langx|it|Delfino|links=no}}; {{langx|pt|Delfim|links=no}}; {{langx|la|Delphinus}}) was a multiple (though rare) comital title in southern France, used by the Dauphins of Vienne and Auvergne, before 1349 when it became the title of the heir to the French throne. The Dauphin was the lord of the province still known as the {{lang|fr|région [[Dauphiné]]}}.
* '''{{lang|es|Conde-Duque}}''' "Count-Duke" is a rare title used in [[Spain]], notably by [[Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares]]. He had inherited the title of count of Olivares, but when created Duke of Sanlucar la Mayor by King [[Philip IV of Spain]] he begged permission to preserve his inherited title in combination with the new honour—according to a practice almost unique in Spanish history; logically the incumbent ranks as Duke (higher than Count) just as he would when simply concatenating both titles.
* '''{{lang|pt|Conde-Barão}}''' 'Count-Baron' is a rare title used in [[Portugal]], notably by Dom {{lang|pt|Luís Lobo da Silveira|italic=no}}, 7th Baron of Alvito, who received the title of Count of Oriola in 1653 from King [[John IV of Portugal]]. His palace in Lisbon still exists, located in a square named after him ({{lang|pt|Largo do Conde-Barão|italic=no}}).
* '''Archcount''' is a very rare title, etymologically analogous to [[archduke]], apparently never recognized officially, used by or for:
** the [[count of Flanders]] (an original {{lang|fr|[[pairie]]}} of the French realm in present Belgium, very rich, once expected to be raised to the rank of kingdom); the informal, rather descriptive use on account of the countship's de facto importance is rather analogous to the unofficial epithet {{lang|fr|Grand Duc de l'Occident}} (before [[Grand duke]] became a formal title) for the even wealthier [[Duke of Burgundy]]
** at least one [[Count of Burgundy]] (i.e. {{lang|de|Freigraf}} of {{lang|fr|[[Franche-Comté]]|italic=no}})
* In German kingdoms, the title {{lang|de|[[Graf]]}} was combined with the word for the jurisdiction or domain the nobleman was holding as a fief or as a conferred or inherited jurisdiction, such as {{lang|de|[[Margrave|Markgraf]]}} (see also [[Marquess]]), {{lang|de|[[landgrave|Landgraf]]}}, {{lang|de|[[Freigraf]]}} ("free count"), {{lang|de|[[Burgrave|Burggraf]]}}, where {{lang|de|Burg}} signifies castle; see also [[Viscount]], {{lang|de|[[count palatine|Pfalzgraf]]}} (translated both as "Count Palatine" and, historically, as "Palsgrave"), {{lang|de|Raugraf}} ("Raugrave", see "[[Graf]]", and {{lang|de|[[Waldgrave|Waldgraf]]}} ({{lang|la|comes nemoris}}), where {{lang|de|Wald}} signifies a large forest) (from Latin ''nemus'' = grove).
* The German {{lang|de|Graf}} and Dutch {{lang|nl|graaf}} ({{langx|la|grafio}}) stem from the Byzantine-Greek {{lang|grc|γραφεύς}} {{lang|grc-Latn|grapheus}} meaning "he who calls a meeting [i.e. the court] together").<ref>Wahrig Deutsches Wörterbuch, 1972 edition, page 1564: < Ahd. ''gravo'', ''gravio'', wahrscheinl. < mlat. ''graphio'', ..., königl. Beamter mit administrativen u. richterl. Befugnissen < grch. ''grapheus'' ''Schreiber'', byzantin. Hoftitel; in English: OHG ''gravo'', ''gravio'', prob. from Middle Latin ''graphio'', ..., royal official with administrative and judicial authority, from Gk. ''grapheus'', "writer"/"clerk"/"scribe", Byzantine court title.</ref>
* The Ottoman military title of {{lang|ota-Latn|Serdar}} was used in Montenegro and Serbia as a lesser noble title with the equivalent rank of a Count.
* These titles are not to be confused with various minor administrative titles containing the word {{lang|de|-graf}} in various offices which are not linked to feudal nobility, such as the Dutch titles {{lang|nl|Pluimgraaf}} (a court [[sinecure]], so usually held by noble courtiers, may even be rendered hereditary) and {{lang|nl|Dijkgraaf}} (to the present, in the Low Countries, a manager in the local or regional administration of watercourses through dykes, ditches, controls etc.; also in German {{lang|de|Deichgraf}}, synonymous with {{lang|de|Deichhauptmann}}, "dike captain").