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Darling Scarp
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===Climate=== The Scarp, like the rest of south west Australia, has a Mediterranean climate, with mild rainy winters and warm dry summers. Average annual rainfall is 1300 mm along the scarp, declining to the east and north.<ref name = Williams>Williams, Kim and David Mitchell (2001)"Jarrah Forest 1 ( JF1 – Northern Jarrah Forest subregion)" in ''A Biodiversity Audit of Western Australia’s 53 Biogeographical Subregions in 2002'', The Department of Conservation and Land Management, September 2001. Accessed 10 May 2022. url = https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/about/science/projects/waaudit/jarrah_forest01_p369-381.pdf</ref> Often the [[Bureau of Meteorology]] identifies different weather for "the hills" in comparison to that of the [[Swan Coastal Plain]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/wa/forecasts/perth.shtml|title=Fire Danger is identified in this page for "Coastal Plain" and for "Hills" |publisher=Bom.gov.au |access-date=2010-06-14 }}</ref> Also, in traditionally hot summers, strong easterly winds travelling across the scarp have presented serious issues for planes using the [[Perth Airport]] because of the alignment of the runways.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sites.google.com/site/motoguzzimackers/home/air-traffic-in-western-australia/perth-geography-and-weather|title=specifically stated as "Significant turbulence is caused by the passage of easterly winds over the escarpment" |first=David|last=McMillan|access-date=2016-09-14}}</ref> On 2 September 1999, the number one engine of a [[Qantas]] [[Boeing 747]], en route from [[Sydney Airport]] coming into land on Runway 06/24, struck the runway surface upon landing, due to [[wind shear]] caused by rolling winds on the Darling Scarp.<ref>{{ATSBLink | type =A | year = 1999 | occno = 199904384 | title = Boeing Co 747-238B, VH-EBS | accessdate =9 June 2023}}</ref> In addition, orographic uplift is produced when rain clouds move over the hills, giving higher rainfalls in settlements in the ranges compared with their coastal neighbours.
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