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Dartmouth Time-Sharing System
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==GE-Dartmouth relationship== Kemeny and Kurtz had originally hoped that GE would enter into a research partnership, and to that end Kurtz and student Anthony Knapp authored a document about their proposed system design, which they presented to GE's Phoenix office in 1962.<ref>John G. Kemeny, "The GE-Dartmouth Computer Partnership", DTSS History Birth 1967-1970 Folder 2, Box 4, Garland Papers, Dartmouth College Library. Cited in Rankin, pages 25-26</ref> However, GE rejected the partnership, and its October 1962 proposal to Dartmouth was framed solely as a commercial sale.<ref>General Electric Computer Department, "A Preliminary Proposal for Dartmouth College, October 15, 1962", Box 1, Kurtz Papers, Dartmouth College Library. Cited in Rankin, page 26</ref> That said, GE and Dartmouth promoted the operational Dartmouth Time Sharing System in October 1964 at the [[Joint Computer Conference|Fall Joint Computer Conference]] in San Francisco, with three teletypes connected to the Dartmouth system in Hanover.<ref>Kurtz, "Progress Report Course Content Improvement Project of 15 December 1964". Cited in Rankin, page 118</ref> From December 1964 into January 1965, two Dartmouth students installed working copies of DTSS and BASIC on GE computers in Phoenix. In early 1965, GE began to advertise timesharing services on its GE-265 system (GE 235 + DATANET 30), including BASIC and Dartmouth Algol,<ref>{{cite journal |author=J.A.N. Lee |title=The Rise and Fall of the General Electric Corporation Computer Department |journal=[[IEEE Annals of the History of Computing]] |volume=17 |issue=4 |date=Winter 1995 |pages=24β25|doi=10.1109/85.477434 }} Cited in Rankin, page 120.</ref> later renaming it the GE Mark I time-sharing system.<ref name="Bull, page 14">Bull, page 14</ref> Over the next few years, GE opened 25 computer centers in the United States and elsewhere, serving over fifty thousand users.<ref>General Electric Information Systems Group, "Computer Time-Sharing on Campus: New Learning Power for Students", May 1968, Folder 3 of 6, DA-29 (7841) DTSS Time-Sharing, Rauner Library, Dartmouth College. Cited in Rankin, page 121</ref> The [[Computer History Museum]]'s Corporate Histories Collection describes GE's Mark I history this way:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://corphist.computerhistory.org/corphist/view.php?s=select&cid=5&PHPSESSID=8921e36474c6ff040ecb6c3b587a6be0 |title=Computer History Museum's Corporate Histories Collection: Company Details - General Electric Information Services (GEIS) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090324091058/http://corphist.computerhistory.org/corphist/view.php?s=select&cid=5&PHPSESSID=8921e36474c6ff040ecb6c3b587a6be0 |archive-date=2009-03-24 |url-status=dead}}</ref> :The precursor of General Electric Information Services began as a business unit within General Electric formed to sell excess computer time on the computers used to give customer demos. In 1965, Warner Sinback recommended that they begin to sell time-sharing services using the time-sharing system (Mark 1) developed at Dartmouth on a General Electric 265 computer. The service was an instant success and by 1968, GEIS had 40% of the $ 70 million time-sharing market. The service continued to grow, and over time migrated to the GE developed Mark II and Mark III operating systems running on large mainframe computers.
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