Editing David C. Page (section)

===Mapping the Y chromosome===
In his work on de la Chapelle Syndrome in 1986, Page collaborated with the geneticist who originally identified the first XX male, [[Albert de la Chapelle]], and geneticist [[Jean Weissenbach]] to show that XX males carry a small piece of the Y chromosome.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite journal|title = Chromosome Y-specific DNA in related human XX males|journal = Nature|date = 1985-05-16|issn = 0028-0836|pmid = 2987697|pages = 224–226|volume = 315|issue = 6016|first1 = D. C.|last1 = Page|first2 = A.|last2 = de la Chapelle|first3 = J.|last3 = Weissenbach|doi=10.1038/315224a0|bibcode = 1985Natur.315..224P|s2cid = 4344130}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title = Chromosome Y-specific DNA is transferred to the short arm of X chromosome in human XX males|journal = Science|date = 1986-08-15|issn = 0036-8075|pmid = 3738510|pages = 786–788|volume = 233|issue = 4765|first1 = M.|last1 = Andersson|first2 = D. C.|last2 = Page|first3 = A.|last3 = de la Chapelle|doi=10.1126/science.3738510|bibcode = 1986Sci...233..786A|s2cid = 32456133}}</ref>

In the following year, he reported that the gene [[ZFY]] induced the development of the [[testes]], a finding which received a great deal of media attention since it putatively resolving a decade-long search for the sex-determining gene.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6">{{Cite journal|title = The sex-determining region of the human Y chromosome encodes a finger protein|journal = Cell|date = 1987-12-24|issn = 0092-8674|pmid = 3690661|pages = 1091–1104|volume = 51|issue = 6|first1 = D. C.|last1 = Page|first2 = R.|last2 = Mosher|first3 = E. M.|last3 = Simpson|first4 = E. M.|last4 = Fisher|first5 = G.|last5 = Mardon|first6 = J.|last6 = Pollack|first7 = B.|last7 = McGillivray|first8 = A.|last8 = de la Chapelle|first9 = L. G.|last9 = Brown|doi=10.1016/0092-8674(87)90595-2|s2cid = 7454260}}</ref> In 1989, a British team of scientists led by [[Peter Goodfellow (geneticist)|Peter Goodfellow]] and [[Robin Lovell-Badge]] began to report that the testis-determining gene was not ZFY, which led Page to review his data. Page found that he had misinterpreted his data because one of the XY females in his study had a second deletion at the site which proved to be the location of the real sex-determining gene. Launching a second round of media attention, [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] published his findings together with a paper from the British group that identified the sex-determining gene, which they termed [[Testis determining factor|SRY]].<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Cite journal|title = A gene from the human sex-determining region encodes a protein with homology to a conserved DNA-binding motif|journal = Nature|date = 1990-07-19|issn = 0028-0836|pmid = 1695712|pages = 240–244|volume = 346|issue = 6281|doi = 10.1038/346240a0|first1 = A. H.|last1 = Sinclair|first2 = P.|last2 = Berta|first3 = M. S.|last3 = Palmer|first4 = J. R.|last4 = Hawkins|first5 = B. L.|last5 = Griffiths|first6 = M. J.|last6 = Smith|first7 = J. W.|last7 = Foster|first8 = A. M.|last8 = Frischauf|first9 = R.|last9 = Lovell-Badge|bibcode = 1990Natur.346..240S|s2cid = 4364032|url = http://rcin.org.pl/Content/66315|url-access = subscription}}</ref>

Despite a belief among geneticists that the Y chromosome contained few genes other than the sex-determining gene, Page continued to map the Y chromosome. He had already published [[Deletion mapping|DNA-based deletion maps]] of the Y chromosome in 1986,<ref>{{Cite journal|title = A deletion map of the human Y chromosome based on DNA hybridization.|journal = American Journal of Human Genetics|date = 1986-02-01|issn = 0002-9297|pmc = 1684749|pmid = 3004206|pages = 109–124|volume = 38|issue = 2|first1 = G|last1 = Vergnaud|first2 = D C|last2 = Page|first3 = M C|last3 = Simmler|first4 = L|last4 = Brown|first5 = F|last5 = Rouyer|first6 = B|last6 = Noel|first7 = D|last7 = Botstein|first8 = A|last8 = de la Chapelle|first9 = J|last9 = Weissenbach}}</ref> and went on to develop comprehensive clone-based physical maps of the chromosome in 1992<ref>{{Cite journal|url = http://pagelab.wi.mit.edu/pdf/1992%20-%20The%20human%20Y%20chromosome%20-%20a%2043-interval%20map%20based%20on%20naturally%20occurring%20deletions.pdf|title = The Human Y Chromosome: A 43-Interval Map Based on Naturally Occurring Deletions|last1 = Vollrath|first1 = Douglas|date = 2 October 1992|journal = Science|doi = 10.1126/science.1439769|pmid = 1439769|access-date = 4 February 2016|last2 = Foote|first2 = Simon|last3 = Hilton|first3 = Adrienne|last4 = Brown|first4 = Laura G.|last5 = Beer-Romero|first5 = Peggy|last6 = Bogan|first6 = Jonathan|last7 = Page|first7 = David C.|issue = 5079|volume = 258|pages = 52–59|bibcode = 1992Sci...258...52V}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url = http://pagelab.wi.mit.edu/pdf/1992%20-%20The%20human%20Y%20chromosome%20-%20overlapping%20DNA%20clones%20spanning%20the%20euchromatic%20region.pdf|title = The Human Y Chromosome: Spanning the Euchromatic Region|last1 = Foote|first1 = Simon|date = 2 October 1992|journal = Science|doi = 10.1126/science.1359640|pmid = 1359640|access-date = 4 February 2016|last2 = Vollrath|first2 = Douglas|last3 = Hilton|first3 = Adrienne|last4 = Page|first4 = David C.|issue = 5079|volume = 258|pages = 60–66}}</ref> and systematic catalogs of Y-linked genes in 1997.<ref>{{Cite journal|url = http://pagelab.wi.mit.edu/pdf/1997%20-%20Functional%20coherence%20of%20the%20human%20Y%20chromosome.pdf|title = Functional Coherence of the Human Y Chromosome|last1 = Lahn|first1 = Bruce|date = 24 October 1997|journal = Science|doi = 10.1126/science.278.5338.675|pmid = 9381176|access-date = 4 February 2016|last2 = Page|first2 = David C.|issue = 5338|volume = 278|pages = 675–680|bibcode = 1997Sci...278..675L}}</ref> Page collaborated with a team at the [[McDonnell Genome Institute|Genome Institute]] at [[Washington University in St. Louis|Washington University]] to make a complete map of the Y chromosome, which they achieved in 2003.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last1 = Skaletsky|first1 = H.|last2 = Kuroda-Kawaguchi|first2 = T.|last3 = Minx|first3 = P. J.|last4 = Cordum|first4 = H. S.|last5 = Hillier|first5 = L.|last6 = Brown|first6 = L. G.|last7 = Repping|first7 = S.|last8 = Pyntikova|first8 = T.|last9 = Ali|first9 = J.|last10 = Bieri|doi = 10.1038/nature01722|first10 = T.|last11 = Chinwalla|first11 = A.|last12 = Delehaunty|first12 = A.|last13 = Delehaunty|first13 = K.|last14 = Du|first14 = H.|last15 = Fewell|first15 = G.|last16 = Fulton|first16 = L.|last17 = Fulton|first17 = R.|last18 = Graves|first18 = T.|last19 = Hou|first19 = S. F.|last20 = Latrielle|first20 = P.|last21 = Leonard|first21 = S.|last22 = Mardis|first22 = E.|last23 = Maupin|first23 = R.|last24 = McPherson|first24 = J.|last25 = Miner|first25 = T.|last26 = Nash|first26 = W.|last27 = Nguyen|first27 = C.|last28 = Ozersky|first28 = P.|last29 = Pepin|first29 = K.|last30 = Rock|first30 = S.|title = The male-specific region of the human Y chromosome is a mosaic of discrete sequence classes|journal = Nature|volume = 423|issue = 6942|pages = 825–837|year = 2003|pmid = 12815422|bibcode = 2003Natur.423..825S|doi-access = free}}</ref> To do so, Page and his colleagues developed a new sequencing technique, single-haplotype iterative mapping and sequencing (SHIMS), since mammalian sex chromosomes contain too many repetitive sequences to be sequenced by conventional approaches.<ref name=":0" /> The development of SHIMS allowed Page to identify long palindromic sequences on the long arm of the Y chromosome, which he would go on to show made the Y chromosome vulnerable to the deletions that cause spermatogenic failure (an inability to produce sperm).<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Recombination between palindromes P5 and P1 on the human Y chromosome causes massive deletions and spermatogenic failure|journal = American Journal of Human Genetics|date = 2002-10-01|issn = 0002-9297|pmc = 419997|pmid = 12297986|pages = 906–922|volume = 71|issue = 4|doi = 10.1086/342928|first1 = Sjoerd|last1 = Repping|first2 = Helen|last2 = Skaletsky|first3 = Julian|last3 = Lange|first4 = Sherman|last4 = Silber|first5 = Fulco|last5 = Van Der Veen|first6 = Robert D.|last6 = Oates|first7 = David C.|last7 = Page|first8 = Steve|last8 = Rozen}}</ref> In 2012, Page characterized the most common genetic cause of spermatogenic failure, the deletion of the AZFc region of the Y chromosome.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=http://wi.mit.edu/people/faculty|title=Whitehead Institute - Faculty|website=wi.mit.edu|date=22 May 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title = AZFc deletions and spermatogenic failure: a population-based survey of 20,000 Y chromosomes|journal = American Journal of Human Genetics|date = 2012-11-02|issn = 1537-6605|pmc = 3487143|pmid = 23103232|pages = 890–896|volume = 91|issue = 5|doi = 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.09.003|first1 = Steven G.|last1 = Rozen|first2 = Janet D.|last2 = Marszalek|first3 = Kathryn|last3 = Irenze|first4 = Helen|last4 = Skaletsky|first5 = Laura G.|last5 = Brown|first6 = Robert D.|last6 = Oates|first7 = Sherman J.|last7 = Silber|first8 = Kristin|last8 = Ardlie|first9 = David C.|last9 = Page}}</ref> The lab also found that aberrant crossing over within the Y chromosome's palindromes underlies a wide range of disorders of sexual differentiation, including Turner syndrome.<ref name=":4" />