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Defensive fighting position
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===Tobruks=== The Germans used hardened fortifications in North Africa and later in other fortifications, such as the [[Atlantic Wall]], that were in essence foxholes made from concrete. The Germans knew them officially as ''Ringstände''; the Allies called them "Tobruks" because they had first encountered the structures during the fighting in Africa.<ref>{{cite book|last=Zaloga|first= Steven J|title=D-Day Fortifications in Normandy|date= 10 November 2005|publisher=Osprey Publishing Ltd|isbn=1-84176-876-6|page=21}}</ref> Frequently, the Germans put a turret from an obsolete French or German tank on the foxhole. This gave the Tobruk enhanced firepower and the gunner protection from shrapnel and small arms. <gallery mode=packed heights=180> Image:German turret at Omaha Beach.jpg|German VK 3001H prototype turret mounted on "Tobruk" at [[Omaha Beach]], June 1944 File:Tobruk at the CI Military Museum.JPG|Tobruk protecting the entrance to the bunker that now houses the Channel Islands Military Museum. This turret from a [[Renault R35]] was originally employed on a Tobruk at Saint Aubin's Fort, [[Jersey]]. </gallery>
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