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Destination Tokyo
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== Production == Production on ''Destination Tokyo'' began on June 21, 1943 and continued through September 4 of that year. Members of the cast spent time at the U.S. Navy's [[Mare Island Naval Shipyard]] in [[Vallejo, California]], to familiarize themselves with submarine procedures and operations. Technical advisors to the film included the captain of the {{USS|Wahoo|SS-238|6}}, [[Dudley Walker Morton]], and crewmember Andy Lennox.<ref>[https://catalog.afi.com/Film/392-DESTINATION-TOKYO?sid=2de7e6cc-5f55-4f73-a123-17caa8f7efb1&sr=13.450619&cp=1&pos=0 "History: 'Destination Tokyo'."] ''AFI'', 2019. Retrieved: August 15, 2109.</ref> The ''Wahoo'' was reported as missing in action after production on ''Destination Tokyo'' completed, sunk by Japanese aircraft in October 1943 while returning home from a patrol in the Sea of Japan. Commander Morton and all aboard were lost. Thanks to the efforts of the Wahoo Project Group, the wreckage was identified in 2006.{{citation needed|date=October 2023}} The existence of a submarine in Tokyo Bay relaying information to the [[Doolittle Raid]] is mentioned in the film ''[[Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo]]'' (1944), based on pilot [[Ted W. Lawson|Ted Lawson]]'s memoir. There is a scene on the USS ''Hornet'' where Lawson ([[Van Johnson]]), fresh from a briefing on the latest positions of the [[barrage balloon]]s over Tokyo, tells his friend Bob Gray ([[Robert Mitchum]]): "You know, the changes in those balloons threw me. Just think, a bunch of guys sweating all day in a sub down in Tokyo Bay, guys just like us, sneaking up at night to radio balloon positions..." The existence of such a submarine is not part of the participants' or historians' accounts of the raid. The Doolittle Raiders<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.doolittleraider.com/first_joint_action.htm#_Toc510516195 |title=The First Joint Action: A Historical Account of the Doolittle Tokyo Raid β April 18, 1942 |last=Greening |first=Charles R. |date=November 4, 2013 |website=Doolittle Tokyo Raiders |publisher=Joyce, Todd |access-date=May 29, 2020}}</ref> detailed description of the raid states that the barrage balloons seen on the raid were a negligible threat. There were many other possible intelligence sources for information given out at the briefings. The model of the ''Copperfin'' used for filming was based on actual American submarines, except that, to confuse the Japanese, it was given equipment and apparatus that were used on numerous different types of subs.<ref name="tcmnotes" /> The film was accurate enough to be used by the Navy as a training tool for submariners.<ref name="tcmart" /> The incident in ''Destination Tokyo'' in which the pharmacist's mate performs an [[appendectomy]] was based on an actual event which took place on the submarine {{USS|Seadragon|SS-194|6}}.<ref name=tcmnotes /> The real-life appendectomy was performed by [[Wheeler Bryson Lipes]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-post-star-destination-tokyo-inspir/167993512/ |title='Destination Tokyo' inspiration dies at 84 |first=Adam |last=Bernstein |agency=[[The Washington Post]] |newspaper=[[The Post-Star]] |location=[[Glens Falls, New York]] |page=B4 |date=April 19, 2005 |accessdate=March 14, 2025 |via=newspapers.com}}</ref> Some filming of ''Destination Tokyo'' took place at Portuguese Bend on the [[Palos Verdes Peninsula]].<ref name=tcmnotes>Staff (ndg). [https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/72905/destination-tokyo#notes "Notes: 'Destination Tokyo'."] ''TCM'', 2019. Retrieved: August 15, 2109." [[TCM.com]]</ref> For ''Destination Tokyo'', Warner Bros. borrowed Cary Grant from [[Columbia Pictures]] in a swap which sent [[Humphrey Bogart]] to Columbia to make ''[[Sahara (1943 American film)|Sahara]]''.<ref>Mankiewicz, Ben. "Outro" to Turner Classic Movies' presentation of 'Destination Tokyo'. ''Turner Classic Movies'', May 29, 2017.</ref> Grant had turned down the role that Bogart eventually played, and [[Gary Cooper]] had turned down the role of the captain of the ''Copperfin'' that Grant played.<ref name=tcmart /> [[File:1944 - Colonial Theater Ad - 8 Jan MC - Allentown PA.jpg|150px|right|thumb|Ad for a showing of ''Destination Tokyo'' in [[Allentown, Pennsylvania]]]]
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