Editing Dialect (section)

=== Difference between dialects and languages ===
{{anchor|Dialect or language}}
{{see also|Abstand and ausbau languages|A language is a dialect with an army and navy}}
There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language.<ref>Cysouw, Michael; Good, Jeff. (2013). "Languoid, Doculect, and Glossonym: Formalizing the Notion 'Language'." ''Language Documentation and Conservation''. 7. 331–359. {{hdl|10125/4606}}.</ref> A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction between dialect and language is therefore subjective{{How|date=October 2024}} <!-- Because not the same criterions are used it is arbitrary? --> and depends upon the user's preferred frame of reference.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ispan.waw.pl/journals/index.php/ch/article/download/ch.2016.011/2342|title=Tomasz Kamusella. 2016. The History of the Normative Opposition of 'Language versus Dialect:' From Its Graeco-Latin Origin to Central Europe's Ethnolinguistic Nation-States (pp 189–198). ''Colloquia Humanistica''. Vol 5.|access-date=8 March 2022}}</ref> For example, there has been discussion about whether or not the [[Limón Creole English]] should be considered "a kind" of English or a different language. This creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendants of Jamaican people. The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends upon which university they represent. Another example is [[Scanian dialect|Scanian]], which even, for a time, had its own ISO code.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/656484|title=Ethnic Protest and Social Planning: A Look at Basque Language Revival|author=Urla, Jacqueline|year=1988|journal=Cultural Anthropology|volume=3|issue=4|pages=379–394|doi=10.1525/can.1988.3.4.02a00030|jstor=656484|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name="auto7">{{Cite journal|title=Dialect, Language, Nation|first=Einar|last=Haugen|date=August 28, 1966|journal=American Anthropologist|volume=68|issue=4|pages=922–935|doi=10.1525/aa.1966.68.4.02a00040|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/30029217|title=National Languages and Languages of Wider Communication in the Developing Nations|author=Fishman, Joshua A.|year=1969|journal=Anthropological Linguistics|volume=11|issue=4|pages=111–135|jstor=30029217}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|format=PDF|title=Towards a National Indian Literature: Cultural Authenticity in Nationalism|author=Simon J. Ortiz|journal=MELUS|volume=8|date=1981|issue=2|pages=7–12|publisher=The Society for the Study of the Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States|doi=10.2307/467143|jstor=467143|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/467143|access-date=8 March 2022|url-access=subscription}}</ref>