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Dopaminergic pathways
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=== Minor === :Hypothalamospinal :* [[Hypothalamus]] β [[Spinal cord]] :Incertohypothalamic :* [[Zona incerta]] β [[Hypothalamus]] :* Zona incerta β [[Brainstem]] VTA β [[Amygdala]] (mesoamygdaloid pathway)<ref name="NHM pathways">{{cite book | vauthors = Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE | veditors = Sydor A, Brown RY | title = Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience | year = 2009 | publisher = McGraw-Hill Medical | location = New York | isbn = 9780071481274 | pages = 147β148, 154β157 | edition = 2nd | chapter = Chapter 6: Widely Projecting Systems: Monoamines, Acetylcholine, and Orexin | quote=Neurons from the SNc densely innervate the dorsal striatum where they play a critical role in the learning and execution of motor programs. Neurons from the VTA innervate the ventral striatum (nucleus accumbens), olfactory bulb, amygdala, hippocampus, orbital and medial prefrontal cortex, and cingulate cortex. VTA DA neurons play a critical role in motivation, reward-related behavior, attention, and multiple forms of memory. ... Thus, acting in diverse terminal fields, dopamine confers motivational salience ("wanting") on the reward itself or associated cues (nucleus accumbens shell region), updates the value placed on different goals in light of this new experience (orbital prefrontal cortex), helps consolidate multiple forms of memory (amygdala and hippocampus), and encodes new motor programs that will facilitate obtaining this reward in the future (nucleus accumbens core region and dorsal striatum). ... DA has multiple actions in the prefrontal cortex. It promotes the "cognitive control" of behavior: the selection and successful monitoring of behavior to facilitate attainment of chosen goals. Aspects of cognitive control in which DA plays a role include working memory, the ability to hold information "on line" in order to guide actions, suppression of prepotent behaviors that compete with goal-directed actions, and control of attention and thus the ability to overcome distractions. ... Noradrenergic projections from the LC thus interact with dopaminergic projections from the VTA to regulate cognitive control.}}</ref> :VTA β [[Hippocampus]]<ref name="NHM pathways" /> :VTA β [[Cingulate cortex]]<ref name="NHM pathways" /> :VTA β [[Olfactory bulb]]<ref name="NHM pathways" /> :SNc β [[Subthalamic nucleus]]<ref name="pmid15380000">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cragg SJ, Baufreton J, Xue Y, Bolam JP, Bevan MD | title = Synaptic release of dopamine in the subthalamic nucleus | journal = The European Journal of Neuroscience | volume = 20 | issue = 7 | pages = 1788β802 | date = October 2004 | pmid = 15380000 | doi = 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03629.x | s2cid = 14698708 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
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