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Drum rudiment
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=== Swiss === The earliest instance of rudimental fife and drum is often cited as the Swiss military at the battle of Sempach in 1386.<ref>Brensilver, David A. "History of the Snare Drum: Eight Centuries of Innovation & Ingenuity." ''Drum!.'' September 10, 2015.</ref> There is evidence, however, that the Swiss were already using drums in battle in 1315 at the [[Battle of Morgarten]].<ref>Baldassarre, Antonio. “Envisioned History or ‘His Story’: Warfare, Musical Culture, and Imagination in the Lucerne Chronicle (1511–13) by Diebold Schilling the Younger.” Music in Art 41, no. 1–2 (2016): 9–63.</ref> Initially, Swiss rudiments were very influential to the French system, which in turn was the basis for many other rudimental systems. Switzerland produced two distinct rudimental cultures, the wider ''Swiss Ordonnanz Trommel''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.trummu.ch/jungtambouren|title=Jungtambouren|website=www.trummu.ch}}</ref> practiced in [[Zürich|Zurich]], [[Canton of Valais|Valais]], and [[Geneva]], and the Basel version or ''Basler Trommeln''.<ref name="robinengelman.com">{{Cite web|url=https://robinengelman.com/2015/02/05/swiss-and-basel-drumming/|title=Swiss and Basel Drumming.|date=5 February 2015}}</ref> The Basler Trommeln rudiments, in contrast to the Swiss Ordonnanz Trommel, are much more widely known and practiced outside of Switzerland due to [[Fritz Berger (percussionist)|Fritz Berger]]'s publications, ''Das Basler Trommeln, Werden und Wesen''<ref name="auto1">Berger, Fitz R. ''Das Basler Trommeln, Werden und Wesen''. Basel; Trommel Verlag, 1928.</ref> and ''Instructor for Basle Drumming'',<ref>Berger, Fritz R. ''Méthode baloise de tambour = Instructor for Basle-drumming''. Basel: Trommelverlag, 1964.</ref> and travels to the [[United States]] in the 1930s. His student [[Alfons Grieder]] continued to promote Basel style drumming in North America for many years.<ref name="robinengelman.com" /> The two Swiss systems differ in several ways, including that Basel drumming rudiments draw heavily from the French system while Swiss rudiments are indigenous, and that Basel drumming was notated in a set of symbols until the 20th century (Berger devised his own notation system for export that was much more legible) while Swiss rudiments were written in standard notation centuries earlier. Swiss Ordonnanz rudiments are nearly unknown outside of Switzerland, while Basel rudiments are featured (after the 1930s) in other systems around the world, such as the Scottish, American, and Hybrid. The [[Top Secret Drum Corps]] is a prominent organization from Basel Switzerland that utilizes traditional Basel rudimental drumming along with other rudimental influences.
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