Editing E (section)

==Use in writing systems==
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|+ Pronunciation of {{angbr|e}} by language
! Orthography
! Phonemes
|-
! {{nwr|[[Standard Chinese]]}} ([[Pinyin]])
| {{IPAslink|ə}}
|-
! [[English orthography|English]]
| {{IPAslink|ɛ}}, {{IPAslink|iː}}, {{IPAslink|ə}}, {{IPAslink|ɜː}}, {{IPA|/ɪə/}}
|-
! [[French orthography|French]]
| {{IPAslink|ə}}, {{IPAslink|ɛ}}, {{IPAslink|e}}
|-
! [[German orthography|German]]
| {{IPAslink|ɛ}}, {{IPAslink|eː}}, {{IPAslink|e}}
|-
! [[Italian orthography|Italian]] 
| {{IPAslink|e}}, {{IPAslink|ɛ}}
|-
! [[Portuguese orthography|Portuguese]] 
| {{IPAslink|e}}, {{IPAslink|ɛ}}, {{IPAslink|i}}, {{IPAslink|ɨ}}, {{IPAslink|j}}, {{IPAslink|ɐ}}, {{IPA|/ɐi/}}
|-
! [[Spanish orthography|Spanish]]
| {{IPAslink|e}}
|-
! [[Turkish alphabet|Turkish]]
| {{IPAslink|e}}
|}

===English===
Although [[Middle English]] spelling used {{angbr|e}} to represent long and short {{IPAslink|e}}, the [[Great Vowel Shift]] changed long {{IPA|/eː/}} (as in ''me'' or ''bee'') to {{IPA|/iː/}} while short {{IPAslink|ɛ}} (as in ''met'' or ''bed'') remained a [[mid vowel]]. In unstressed syllables, this letter is usually pronounced either as {{IPAslink|ɪ}} or {{IPAslink|ə}}. In other cases, the letter is [[Silent e|silent]], generally at the end of words like ''queue''.

===Other languages===
In the orthography of many languages, it represents either {{IPAblink|e}}, {{IPAblink|e̞}}, {{IPAblink|ɛ}}, or some variation (such as a [[Nasal vowel|nasalized]] version) of these sounds, often with diacritics (as: {{angbr|e [[ê]] [[é]] [[è]] [[ë]] [[ē]] [[ĕ]] [[ě]] [[ẽ]] [[ė]] [[ẹ]] [[ę]] [[ẻ]]}}) to indicate contrasts. Less commonly, as in French, German, or [[Saanich dialect|Saanich]], {{angbr|e}} represents a [[mid-central vowel]] {{IPA|/ə/}}. [[Digraph (orthography)|Digraphs]] with {{angbr|e}} are common to indicate either [[diphthong]]s or [[monophthong]]s, such as {{angbr|ea}} or {{angbr|ee}} for {{IPA|/iː/}} or {{IPA|/eɪ/}} in English, {{angbr|ei}} for {{IPA|/aɪ/}} in [[German language|German]], and {{angbr|eu}} for {{IPA|/ø/}} in [[French language|French]] or {{IPA|/ɔɪ/}} in German.

===Other systems===
The [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] uses {{angbr IPA|e}} for the [[close-mid front unrounded vowel]] or the [[mid front unrounded vowel]].

===Frequency===
E is the most common (or highest-[[Frequency (statistics)|frequency]]) letter in the English language alphabet and several other [[Languages of Europe|European languages]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Grigas |first1=Gintautas |last2=Juškevičienė |first2=Anita |date=2018-03-26 |title=Letter Frequency Analysis of Languages Using Latin Alphabet |journal=International Linguistics Research |language=en |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages= 18|doi=10.30560/ilr.v1n1p18 |issn=2576-2982|doi-access=free }}</ref> which has implications in both [[cryptography]] and [[data compression]]. This makes it a harder letter to use when writing [[lipogram]]s.