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E!
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===E!=== [[File:E! Logo.svg|thumb|left|60px|E!'s logo from the launch under that branding. Used from June 1, 1990, until July 8, 2012, for the US flagship channel. Remained in use for many of E!'s international networks until they gradually began rebranding with the current US logo.]] Controlling ownership was originally held by a [[consortium]] of five cable television providers ([[Comcast]], [[Continental Cablevision]], [[Cox Communications|Cox Cable]], [[Tele-Communications Inc.|TCI]], and [[Time Warner Cable|Warner Cable]]), [[HBO]]/[[WarnerMedia#Background|Warner Communications]], and various founding shareholders, with HBO directly programming and managing the network. In 1989, after [[Time Inc.]] bought Warner Communications to fend off a takeover bid by Paramount, the new [[WarnerMedia#Time-Warner (1990–2001) and Time Warner Entertainment (1992–2001)|Time Warner]] company held four of the eight major ownership positions and took over management control of Movietime and renamed the network as '''E!: Entertainment Television''' on June 1, 1990 based in [[Los Angeles]]; this name change was made to emphasize its widening coverage of the [[celebrity–industrial complex]], contemporary film, television and music, daily Hollywood gossip, and fashion. In 1997, Comcast, one of the minority partners, teamed up with [[Disney–ABC Television Group|Disney/ABC Cable Networks]] to buy the channel after Time Warner had exercised their put agreement.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121106155855/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-19020738.html Comcast Corp. Gains Exclusive Right to Buy E! Entertainment], Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News (originated from ''[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]''; via [[HighBeam Research]]), January 11, 1997.</ref> Comcast increased the ownership stakes in the network through mergers with forerunners of TCI and Continental under various circumstances. In November 2006, Comcast acquired Disney's 39.5% share of E! for $1.23 billion to gain full ownership of the network as part of a broader programming carriage agreement between Disney/ABC and Comcast.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.comcast.com/About/PressRelease/PressReleaseDetail.ashx?PRID=24|title= Comcast and the Walt Disney Company Announce Long-Term Comprehensive Distribution Agreements Securing Carriage for Disney Media Networks' Products and Services|publisher= [[Comcast]]|access-date= March 19, 2012|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120224182246/https://comcast.com/About/PressRelease/PressReleaseDetail.ashx?PRID=24|archive-date= February 24, 2012|url-status= dead}}</ref> In January 2011, Comcast Entertainment Group, the company's television unit, became a division of the [[NBCUniversal Television Group]], after Comcast acquired a 51% majority stake in [[NBCUniversal]] from [[General Electric]].<ref>[http://www.pcworld.com/article/183652/nbcuniversalcomcast_merger_what_we_do_and_dont_know.html NBC-Universal-Comcast Merger: What We Do and Don't Know] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605080420/http://www.pcworld.com/article/183652/nbcuniversalcomcast_merger_what_we_do_and_dont_know.html |date=June 5, 2011 }}, ''[[PC World (magazine)|PCWorld]]'', December 3, 2009.</ref> E!'s only sister networks prior to the NBC Universal merger were the now-defunct channels Style Network (then [[Esquire Network]]), [[Universal Kids|PBS Kids Sprout]] and [[G4 (American TV network)|G4]], along with Comcast's sports networks: Versus, [[Comcast SportsNet]] and [[Golf Channel]]. In the case of Versus, E! staff produced that network's ''[[Sports Soup]]'' and G4's ''[[Web Soup]]'', while the Orlando-based Golf Channel featured no crossovers with E! at all due to incompatible audiences and operations. Versus and Golf Channel were taken under the direct control of the [[NBC Sports]] division, with the former being renamed [[NBC Sports Network]] in January 2012, and are no longer connected to their former sister networks beyond advertising and in-house operations. On July 9, 2012, the channel introduced a revised logo (the first change to its logo since the network rebranded as E! in 1990), removing the [[exclamation mark]] background behind the "E" but keeping the exclamation point underneath, along with a new slogan "Pop of Culture", which coincided with the launch of the new series ''[[Opening Act]]''. The network also started the process of introducing scripted programming (the first series, ''[[The Royals (TV series)|The Royals]]'', premiering in March 2015), in addition to its existing reality and documentary series. The changes were announced during E!'s programming upfront presentation on April 30, 2012.<ref>[https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/e-new-logo-pop-of-culture-tagline-318032 E! Unveils New Logo, 'Pop of Culture' Tagline] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801115054/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/e-new-logo-pop-of-culture-tagline-318032 |date=August 1, 2020 }}, ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'', April 30, 2012.</ref>
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