Editing Educational Testing Service (section)

==Current status==

ETS' international headquarters is located on a {{convert|376|acre|km2|adj=on}} campus outside of [[Princeton, New Jersey]] in [[Lawrence Township, Mercer County, New Jersey|Lawrence Township]], [[Mercer County, New Jersey|Mercer County]];<ref>{{cite journal | url = http://www.rethinkingschools.org/archive/14_03/sat143.shtml | title = Sat + Ets = $ | author = Alan Stoskopf | journal = [[Rethinking Schools]] | volume = 14 | issue = 3 | date = Spring 2000 | access-date = 2007-07-04 | archive-date = 2007-07-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070713180303/http://www.rethinkingschools.org/archive/14_03/sat143.shtml | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = http://archives.cnn.com/2002/fyi/teachers.ednews/06/28/sat.overhaul.ap/index.html | title = Board: New SAT to produce better writers | date = 2002-06-28 | work = CNN | access-date = 2007-07-04 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071028175747/http://archives.cnn.com/2002/fyi/teachers.ednews/06/28/sat.overhaul.ap/index.html |archive-date = October 28, 2007}}</ref><ref name="Randy Elliot Bennett 2005">{{cite web | url = http://www.ets.org/Media/Research/pdf/Nonprofit.pdf | title = What Does It Mean to Be a Nonprofit Educational Measurement Organization in the 21st Century? | author = Randy Elliot Bennett | work = ETS | year = 2005 | access-date = 2007-07-04 }}</ref> processing, shipping, customer service and test security is in nearby [[Ewing Township, New Jersey|Ewing]].  ETS also has a major office in [[San Antonio, TX|San Antonio, Texas]], which houses its K–12 Assessment Programs division, and smaller offices in [[Philadelphia|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]], [[Washington, DC]], [[Hato Rey|Hato Rey, Puerto Rico]], [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]], and [[Monterey, California|Monterey]], [[California]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ets.org/portal/site/ets/menuitem.22f30af61d34e9c39a77b13bc3921509/?vgnextoid=2369253b164f4010VgnVCM10000022f95190RCRD| title = Contact Us| author = ETS| access-date = 2010-05-12 }}</ref> Overseas office locations, all of which are associated with for-profit subsidiaries that are wholly owned by ETS, include [[Amsterdam]] (ETS Global BV headquarters), [[London]] (ETS Global BV), Seoul (ETS Global BV), [[Paris]] (ETS Global BV), [[Amman]] (ETS Global BV), [[Warsaw]] (ETS Global BV), [[Beijing]] (ETS China), [[Delhi]] (ETS India) and [[Kingston, Ontario]] (ETS Canada). Not including its for-profit subsidiaries, ETS employs about 2,700 individuals,<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/04_17/b3880102.htm | title = A Syllabus Way Beyond The SATs | author = Jennifer Merritt | date = 2004-04-26 | work = [[Business Week]] | access-date = 2007-07-04 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071028174700/http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/04_17/b3880102.htm | archive-date = 2007-10-28 }}</ref> including 240 with doctorates and an additional 350 others with "higher degrees."

To help support its nonprofit educational mission, ETS, like many other nonprofits, conducts business activities that are unrelated to that mission (e.g., employment testing). Under US tax law, these activities may be conducted (within limits) by the nonprofit itself, or by for-profit subsidiaries.<ref name="Randy Elliot Bennett 2005"/> Most of the "off-mission" work conducted by ETS is carried out by wholly owned, for-profit subsidiaries, including ETS Global BV, which contains much of the international operations of the company, ETS China, ETS India and ETS Canada.

About 25% of the work carried out by ETS is contracted by the [[College Board]], a private, nonprofit membership association of universities, colleges, school districts, and secondary schools. The most popular and well-known of the College Board's tests is the [[SAT]], taken by more than 3 million students annually. ETS also supports The College Board's Preliminary SAT/National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test ([[PSAT/NMSQT]]) and administers the [[Advanced Placement]] program, which is widely used in US high schools for advanced course credit.

Since 1983, ETS has conducted the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), known as the "Nation's Report Card", under contract to the US [[National Center for Education Statistics]]. NAEP is the only nationally representative and continuing assessment of what US students know and can do. ETS is responsible for coordination among the nine NAEP Alliance contractors, for item development, and for design, data analysis, and reporting.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/about/previous_support.aspx| title = Previous NAEP Contractors| author = National Center for Education Statistics| year = 2023| access-date = 2023-03-17 }}</ref>

In addition to the contract work that ETS undertakes for nonprofit and government entities like the College Board, the National Center for Education Statistics, and state education departments, the organization offers its own tests. These tests include the [[Graduate Record Examinations]] (GRE) (for graduate and professional school admissions), the [[Test of English as a Foreign Language]] (TOEFL) (for post-secondary admissions), the [[Test of English for International Communication]] (TOEIC) (for use by business and industry), and the [[Praxis Series]] (for teacher licensure and certification).<ref>{{cite web | url = http://ets.org|title = ETS| author = ETS| year = 2010| access-date = 2010-05-15 }}</ref>

In [[England]] and [[Wales]], [[ETS Europe]], a unit of the ETS Global for-profit subsidiary, was contracted to mark and process the [[National Curriculum assessment]]s on behalf of the government. ETS Global took over this role in 2008 from [[Edexcel]], a subsidiary of [[Pearson PLC|Pearson]], which had encountered significant and repeated problems in carrying out the marking and processing contract.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/1771461.stm Examiners knew about maths error]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081015163110/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,591-1772007,00.html Call for a GCSE shake-up as pass mark sinks to 16%]</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/4172812.stm Admin staff 'marking GCSE papers']</ref> As was the case for Edexcel, The first year of ETS Global's operation was struck by a number of problems, including the late arrival of scripts to examiners, a database of student entries being unavailable,<ref>{{cite news|url = http://education.guardian.co.uk/sats/story/0,,2280299,00.html?gusrc=rss&feed=8| title = Headteachers angry at Sats 'nightmare'| access-date =2008-05-17 | work=The Guardian | location=London | first=Anthea | last=Lipsett | date=May 15, 2008}}</ref> and countrywide reports of problems with the marking of the papers. The opposition [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] (Tory) criticized the awarding of the contracts to ETS, and produced a dossier listing previous problems with ETS's service.<ref>{{cite news|url = http://education.guardian.co.uk/schools/story/0,,2291802,00.html|title = A history of exam failures|work=The Guardian|date= 19 July 2008 | location=London | first=Polly | last=Curtis | access-date=May 1, 2010}}</ref> The ETS contract with the [[Qualifications and Curriculum Authority|QCA]] was terminated in August 2008, with an agreement to pay back £19.5m and cancel invoices worth £4.6m.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/7562835.stm | work=BBC News | title=Sats marking contract is scrapped | date=August 15, 2008 | access-date=May 1, 2010}}</ref> Subsequently, the contract for National Curriculum assessment marking and processing was again awarded to Edexcel. Like the two prior contracts, the Edexcel contract has encountered significant quality problems<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/education/2009/jun/04/sats-markers-delays| title = Hundreds of Sats examiners wrongly disqualified| author = Guardian| work = The Guardian| date = 4 June 2009| access-date = 2010-05-14 | location=London}}</ref> and the tests themselves, the focus of longstanding controversy in the English education community and among the public, have been subjected to a massive boycott by schools.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/education/2010/may/06/planned-sats-boycott| title = Hundreds of primaries to boycott Sats| author = Guardian| work = The Guardian| date = 6 May 2010| access-date = 2010-05-14 | location=London}}</ref>

In 2009, ETS released the My Credentials Vault Service with Interfolio, Inc to "simplify the entire letter of recommendation process".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ets.org/Media/Campaign/12150/index.html |title=ETS My Credentials VaultSM Service |access-date=2010-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091219020213/http://www.ets.org/Media/Campaign/12150/index.html |archive-date=2009-12-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref>