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Eight-to-fourteen modulation
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== EFMPlus == '''EFMPlus'''<ref>{{Cite journal |journal=IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics |volume=CE-41 |date=1995 |title=EFMPlus: The Coding Format of the MultiMedia Compact Disc |author=Kees Schouhamer Immink |author-link=Kees Schouhamer Immink |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/3179483 |pages=491–497 |quote=A high-density alternative to EFM is described.}}</ref><ref>{{US patent|5,696,505}}, EFMPlus Patent, applied in [[DVD]], [[DVD±RW]], [[Super Audio CD|SACD]].</ref> is the channel code used in [[DVD]]s and [[Super Audio CD|SACDs]]. The EFMPlus encoder is based on a [[deterministic finite automaton]] having four states, which translates eight-bit input words into sixteen-bit codewords. The binary sequence generated by the finite state machine encoder has at least two and at most ten zeros between consecutive ones, which is the same as in classic EFM. There are no packing (merging) bits as in classic EFM. EFMPlus effectively reduces storage requirements by one channel bit per user byte, increasing storage capacity by 1/16 = 6.25%. Decoding of EFMPlus-generated sequences is accomplished by a sliding-block decoder of length two, that is, two consecutive codewords are required to uniquely reconstitute the sequence of input words.
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