Editing Electronic color code (section)

===Color band system===
To distinguish left from right there is a gap between the C and D bands:
[[Image:Resistor bands.svg|A diagram of a resistor, with four color bands A, B, C, D from left to right]]
[[Image:4-Band Resistor.svg|A diagram of a 2.7&nbsp;MΩ color-coded resistor.]]
{{ordered list
 | list-style-type=upper-alpha
 | The first significant figure of component value (left side)
 | The second significant figure (some precision resistors have a third significant figure, and thus five bands).
 | The decimal multiplier (number of trailing zeroes, or power of 10 multiplier)
 | If present, indicates tolerance of value in percent (no band means 20%)
}}

In the above example, a resistor with bands of red, violet, green, and gold has first digit 2 (red; see table below), second digit 7 (violet), followed by 5 (green) zeroes: {{val|2,700,000|u=ohms}}. Gold signifies that the tolerance is ±5%.

Precision resistors may be marked with a five band system, to include three significant digits, a power of 10 multiplier (number of trailing zeroes, and a tolerance band. An extra-wide first band indicates a wire-wound resistor.<ref name="Westman_1968"/>
[[File:Resistor Color Code.svg|alt=resistor color code|thumb|Resistor color code]]
Resistors manufactured for military use may also include a fifth band which indicates component failure rate ([[Reliability engineering|reliability]]); refer to [[MIL-HDBK]]-199<ref name="MIL_HDBK_199C"/> for further details.

Tight tolerance resistors may have three bands for significant figures rather than two, or an additional band indicating [[temperature coefficient of resistance]] (TCR), in units of [[parts per million|ppm]]/[[Kelvin|K]].

All coded components have at least two value bands and a multiplier; other bands are optional.

The standard color code per [[IEC 60062:2016]] is as follows:
{{Electronic colour code}}
Resistors use various [[E series of preferred numbers#Lists|E series of preferred numbers]] for their specific values, which are determined by their [[tolerance (engineering)|tolerance]]. These values repeat for every decade of magnitude: ... 0.68, 6.8, 68, 680, ... For resistors of 20% tolerance the E6 series, with six values: 10, 15, 22, 33, 47, 68, then 100, 150, ... is used; each value is approximately the previous value multiplied by {{radic|10|6}}. For 10% tolerance resistors the E12 series, with {{radic|10|12}} as multiplier, is used; similar schemes up to E192, for 0.5% or tighter tolerance are used. The separation between the values is related to the tolerance so that adjacent values at the extremes of tolerance approximately just overlap; for example, in the E6 series {{nobr|10 + 20%}} is 12, while {{nobr|15 − 20%}} is also 12.

[[Zero ohm resistor]]s, marked with a single black band,<ref name="NZO_NIC"/> are lengths of wire wrapped in a resistor-like body which can be mounted on a [[printed-circuit board]] (PCB) by automatic component-insertion equipment. They are typically used on PCBs as insulating "bridges" where two tracks would otherwise cross, or as soldered-in [[Jumper (computing)|jumper]] wires for setting configurations.