Editing Electronic keyboard (section)

==History==
{{Main|History of home keyboards}}
Keyboard instruments trace back to the ancient [[hydraulis]] in the 3rd century BCE,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/water-organ/|title=Water Organ Invented by Ancient Greeks|date=November 9, 2017|website=Classic FM|access-date=June 20, 2019}}</ref> later evolving into the [[pipe organ]] and smaller portative and positive organs. The [[clavichord]] and [[harpsichord]] emerged in the 14th century CE,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ukpianos.co.uk/clavichord-history/|title=History of Clavichord|last=Howard|first=Graham|date=December 21, 2017|website=UK Pianos|access-date=June 20, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liveabout.com/history-of-the-harpsichord-2700986|title=Harpsichord History|last=Kraemer|first=Brandy|date=May 24, 2019|website=LiveAbout|access-date=June 20, 2019}}</ref> Technological strides brought more advanced keyboards, including the modern 12-tone version. Initially, instruments like the [[pipe organ]] and harpsichord could only produce single-volume sounds. The 18th-century innovation of the [[pianoforte]], with hammers striking metal strings via key pressure, enabled dynamic sound variation.

Electric keyboards began with applying electric sound technology. The first was the [[Denis d'or]] stringed instrument,<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/abstract/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000047638|title=Denis d'or|last=Davies|first=Hugh|year=2001 |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.47638 |isbn=978-1-56159-263-0 |access-date=June 20, 2019}}</ref> made by Václav Prokop Diviš in 1748,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://120years.net/1748-denis-dor/|title=The Denis D'Or "Golden Dionysis", Václav Prokop Diviš. Czech republic, 1748|website=120 Years|date=September 23, 2013 |access-date=June 20, 2019}}</ref> with 700 electrified strings. In 1760, Jean Baptiste Thillaie de Laborde introduced the [[clavecin électrique]], an electrically activated keyboard without sound creation. [[Elisha Gray]] invented the musical [[telegraph]] in 1874, producing sound through electromagnetic vibrations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sweetwater.com/insync/musical-telegraph/|title=Musical Telegraph|date=June 14, 2005|website=Sweetwater|access-date=June 20, 2019}}</ref> Gray later added a single-note oscillator and a diaphragm-based loudspeaker for audibility.

In 1973, the [[Yamaha GX-1]] introduced an early [[polyphonic synthesizer]] with eight voices.<ref>[http://www.vintagesynth.com/yamaha/gx1.php Yamaha GX-1], Vintage Synth Explorer</ref> The EP-30 by [[Roland Corporation]] in 1974 became the first [[Keyboard expression|touch-sensitive]] keyboard.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=6TVLAAAAYAAJ ''FutureMusic'', issues 131-134], 2003, page 55</ref> Roland also released early polyphonic [[string synthesizer]]s, the RS-101 in 1975 and [[Roland RS-202|RS-202]] in 1976.<ref>{{cite book|title=Analog Synthesizers: Understanding, Performing, Buying--From the Legacy of Moog to Software Synthesis|first=Mark|last=Jenkins|publisher=CRC Press|year=2009|isbn=978-1-136-12278-1|page=89}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20050308154533/http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/Jul02/articles/retrozone0702.asp A TALE OF TWO STRING SYNTHS], ''[[Sound on Sound]]'', July 2002</ref>

In 1975, Moog's Polymoog merged a synthesizer with an organ, offering full polyphony through individual circuit boards. Crumar's "Multiman" organ with synthesizer arrived, and ARP Omni combined a synthesizer with a string machine and bass in 1976. Korg's PE-1000 that year featured a dedicated saw oscillator for each note.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://synth-db.com/synths/Crumar/Multiman-S/Multiman-S.php|title=Multiman S|website=Synth DB|access-date=June 20, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://encyclotronic.com/synthesizers/korg/pe-1000-r79/|title=Korg PE-1000|website=Encyclotronic|access-date=June 20, 2019}}</ref>

In 1977, [[Yamaha Corporation|Yamaha]] CS-60 and [[Yamaha CS-80|CS-80]] polyphonic synthesizers introduced 'memory'.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vintagesynth.com/yamaha/cs60.php|title=Yamaha CS-60|website=Vintage Synth Explorer|access-date=June 20, 2019}}</ref> In 1978, [[Oberheim]]'s [[Oberheim OB-1|OB-1]] brought electronic storage of sound settings.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.vintagesynth.com/oberheim/ob1.php|title=Oberheim OB-1|website=Vintage Synth Explorer|access-date=June 20, 2019}}</ref> That year, Sequential Circuits Prophet-5 offered the feature in a five-voice polyphonic synthesizer. Fender's [[Rhodes Chroma]], the first computer-controlled keyboard, resulted from ARP's engineers being acquired by Fender in 1979. Its successor, the Chroma Polaris, released in 1984, featured the 'Chroma' port.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-26 |title=Best Keyboard Piano |url=https://bestkeyboardpiano.net/ |access-date=2023-08-30 |website=bestkeyboardpiano.net |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://encyclotronic.com/synthesizers/fender/rhodes-chroma-polaris-r148/|title=Fender Rhodes Chroma Polaris|website=Encyclotronic|access-date=June 20, 2019}}</ref>