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Emphasis (typography)
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=== Capitalization === The [[Style guide|house styles]] of many publishers in the United States use [[all caps]] text for: * [[Chapter (books)|chapter]] and section headings; * newspaper [[headline]]s; * [[publication]] titles; * [[Precautionary statement|warning]] messages; and * words of important meaning. Capitalization is used much less frequently by British publishers, and usually only for book titles. All-uppercase letters are a common substitute form of emphasis where the medium lacks support for boldface, such as old [[typewriter]]s, plain-text [[email]], [[Short message service|SMS]] and other text-messaging systems. Socially, the use of all-caps text in Roman languages has become an indicator of shouting when quoting speech. It was also often used in the past by American lawyers to flag important points in a legal text.<ref name="All Caps, Butterick">{{cite web|last1=Butterick|first1=Matthew|title=All Caps|url=http://practicaltypography.com/all-caps.html|website=Practical Typography}}</ref> Coinciding with the era of typewriter use, the practice became unnecessary with the advent of computerized text formatting, although it is still found on occasion in documents created by older lawyers.<ref name="Why is your Contract YELLING AT YOU? All Caps in Contracts, Explained.">{{cite web|title=Why is your Contract YELLING AT YOU? All Caps in Contracts, Explained.|url=http://www.shakelaw.com/blog/why-is-your-contract-yelling-at-you-all-caps-in-contracts-explained/|publisher=Shake Law|access-date=29 July 2015}}</ref><ref name="Legal writing in plain English : a text with exercises">{{cite book|last1=Garner|first1=Bryan A.|title=Legal writing in plain English: a text with exercises|date=2013|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0226283937|edition=Second|url=http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/garner/documents/section44.html|access-date=2 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Butterick|first1=Matthew|title=Small caps|url=http://practicaltypography.com/small-caps.html|website=Practical Typography|access-date=29 July 2015}}</ref>
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