Editing En passant (section)

==Examples==
{{Chess diagram  
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|rd|nd|bd|qd|kd|bd|  |rd
|pd|pd|pd|xo|  |pd|pd|pd
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|rl|nl|bl|  |kl|bl|  |rl
| Black just played 5...d7-d5. White's e5-pawn can capture ''en passant''.
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Some [[chess opening]]s feature the ''en passant'' capture. In the following line from [[Petrov's Defence]], White captures the pawn on d5 ''en passant'' on move 6:

:'''1. e4 e5'''
:'''2. Nf3 Nf6'''
:'''3. d4 exd4'''
:'''4. e5 Ne4'''
:'''5. Qxd4 d5''' (see diagram)
:'''6. exd6 e.p.'''<ref name="Hooper" />{{rp|124–125}}
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{{Chess diagram   
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|rd|nd|bd|qd|kd|bd|nd|rd
|pd|pd|pd|  |  |pd|pd|pd
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|pl|pl|pl|pl|  |pl|pl|pl
|rl|nl|bl|ql|kl|bl|nl|rl
| Position after 3.exd6 e.p.
}}
An ''en passant'' capture can occur as early as move 3. For example, in the [[French Defence]] after 1.e4 e6 2.e5 d5, White can play 3.exd6&nbsp;e.p. ({{em|diagram}}). This has occurred in play, for example in the game [[Wilhelm Steinitz|Steinitz]]–[[Bernhard Fleissig|Fleissig]], Vienna 1882.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1001589 |title=Steinitz vs. Fleissig, Vienna 1882 |website=[[Chessgames.com]] |access-date=2016-04-26 |archive-date=2016-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602115335/http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1001589 |url-status=live }}</ref>
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{{Chess diagram 
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| An example of overlooking <br />an ''en passant'' capture
|  |  |  |  |  |bl|  |  
|  |  |  |  |  |  |pd|  
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|  |  |  |  |rl|pl|  |kd  
|  |  |  |  |pd|kl|  |nl
|  |  |  |  |  |  |pl|  
|  |  |  |  |qd|pl|  |  
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| Black to move. Here 1...g5+{{chesspunc|?}} loses to an ''en passant'' capture checkmate.
}}

In the diagram, the move 1...g5+ may seem to [[checkmate]] White, but it is in fact a [[Blunder (chess)|blunder]]: White can (and in fact must) counter this check with the ''en passant'' capture 2.fxg6 e.p.{{chessAN|#}}, which [[Cross-check (chess)|cross-check]]s and checkmates Black. (Black can draw in the diagrammed position by playing 1...Qxf2+.)
{{clear}}

{| align="right" 
|-valign="top" 
|+ Gundersen vs. Faul, 1928
|
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{{Chess diagram small
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|rd|  |bd|qd|  |rd|  |  
|pd|pd|  |  |nd|  |pd|  
|  |  |  |  |pd|  |kd|  
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|  |bd|  |nd|  |  |ql|pl
|  |  |nl|  |  |  |  |  
|pl|pl|  |  |  |pl|pl|  
|rl|  |bl|  |kl|  |  |rl
| Position after 12...f7-f5
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{{Chess diagram small
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|rd|  |bd|qd|  |rd|  |  
|pd|pd|  |  |nd|  |  |  
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|  |  |  |pd|pl|pd|pd|pl
|  |bd|  |nd|  |  |ql|  
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|pl|pl|  |  |  |pl|pl|  
|rl|  |bl|  |kl|  |  |rl
| After 14...g7-g5, White mates by capturing the pawn ''en&nbsp;passant''.
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In a game between [[Gunnar Gundersen (chess player)|Gunnar Gundersen]] and Albert H. Faul,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1242924 |title=Gundersen vs. Faul, Melbourne 1928 |website=[[Chessgames.com]] |access-date=2009-06-12 |archive-date=2010-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101209050750/http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1242924 |url-status=live }}</ref> Black played 12...f7-f5. White could have captured the black f-pawn ''en&nbsp;passant'' with his e-pawn, but he instead played:
:'''13. h5+ Kh6 14. Nxe6+''' 
The bishop on c1 effects a [[discovered check]]. 14...Kh7 results in 15.Qxg7#.
:'''14... g5 15. hxg6 e.p.#'''
The ''en passant'' capture places Black in [[double check]] and [[checkmate]] (in fact, White's bishop is not necessary for the mate). An ''en passant'' capture is the only way a double check can be delivered without one of the checking pieces moving, as in this case.

The largest known number of ''en passant'' captures in one game is three. This record is shared by three games; in none of them were all three captures by the same player. The earliest known example is a 1980 game between [[Alexandru Segal]] and Karl-Heinz Podzielny.<ref name="Winter" />{{rp|98–99}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.365chess.com/search_result.php?wlname=Segal&wname=&open=&blname=Podzielny&bname=&eco=&yeari=&yeare=&sply=1&ply=&res=&submit_search=Search+Chess+Games |title=A. Segal vs. K. Podzielny, Dortmund 1980 |website=365Chess.com |access-date=2009-12-05 |archive-date=2021-02-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217173948/https://www.365chess.com/search_result.php?wlname=Segal&wname=&open=&blname=Podzielny&bname=&eco=&yeari=&yeare=&sply=1&ply=&res=&submit_search=Search+Chess+Games |url-status=live }}</ref>
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