Editing Epiclesis (section)

===Eastern churches===
In 2001, in the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity on admission to the Eucharist between [[Chaldean Catholic Church]] and [[Assyrian Church of the East]] issued a statement stating that the Words of Institution are dispersed euchologically in [[Liturgy of Addai and Mari]], wherein the words are stated not in immediate sequence but throughout the Liturgy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/admission-to-the-eucharist-in-situations-of-pastoral-necessity-4210|title=Admission to the Eucharist in Situations of Pastoral Necessity|access-date=16 April 2022|date=14 November 2001|via=[[EWTN]]|author=[[Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity]]|work=[[L'Osservatore Romano]]}}</ref>  The Eastern Orthodox Churches hold the Epiclesis to be the moment at which this change<ref>Among the Orthodox the term "change" (in [[Greek language|Greek]]: μεταβολή) is preferable to "Transubstantiation". The term [[Metousiosis]] (μετουσίωσις) is also used.</ref> is completed.<ref>{{Citation
  | last1 = Pomazansky
  | first1 = [[Protopresbyter]] Michael
  | last2 = Rose
  | first2 = Seraphim, tr.
  | author2-link = Seraphim Rose
  | title = Orthodox Dogmatic Theology
  | place = Platina CA
  | publisher = Saint [[Herman of Alaska]] Brotherhood
  | year = 1984
  | page =279
  | id = LOC # 84-051294
  }}
</ref> However, the actual process of change is not considered to begin at this moment, but rather to have begun with the [[Liturgy of Preparation]]—it is merely completed at the Epiclesis.

In the 20th century, when [[Western Rite Orthodoxy|Western Rite Orthodox]] parishes began to be established, liturgies were derived from Catholic [[Latin liturgical rites]] and [[Anglicanism|Anglican]] ''[[Book of Common Prayer]]''. These liturgies saw a "stronger" Epiclesis inserted, as to better align them with the Byzantine liturgy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ww1.antiochian.org/node/22396|title=On the Western Rite Liturgy|publisher=[[Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America]]|access-date=18 April 2022}}</ref>

====Liturgy of St. Cyril (and Alexandrian-type Anaphoras)====
Liturgy of St. Cyril (also known as Egyptian Liturgy of St. Mark) typically after the post-sanctus prayer, the structure is usually as follows: Epiclesis I—Institution Narrative—Anamnesis—Epiclesis II.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mckenna |first=John H. |date=May 1975 |title=Eucharistic Epiclesis: Myopia or Microcosm? |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004056397503600203 |journal=Theological Studies |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=265–284 |doi=10.1177/004056397503600203 |issn=0040-5639|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Since these group of liturgies contain the earliest full anaphoras available to us, they have become incredibly important in understanding the development of liturgical prayers. The epicleses of these anaphora are seen as consecratory; however, recent papers have shown that the liturgical thought of Egypt was less focused on a specific moment of consecration, being more process-focused in terms of Eucharistic Consecration.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zakhary |first=Beniamin |date=2024-09-19 |title=Moment or Process? Eucharistic Consecration and Epiclesis in Egyptian Thought: A Survey of Liturgical, Patristic, and Medieval Sources |url=https://academic.oup.com/jts/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/jts/flae049/7762005?redirectedFrom=fulltext |journal=The Journal of Theological Studies |volume=75 |issue=2 |pages=430–462 |doi=10.1093/jts/flae049 |issn=0022-5185|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

====Liturgy of Addai and Mari====
In its pure form, the ancient anaphora of the [[Liturgy of Addai and Mari]] used in the [[Church of the East]] ([[East Syriac Rite]]) does include an epiclesis. It does not use the [[Words of Institution]], although they appear directly and indirectly in other parts of the rite (and is therefore considered to be implicit).

:''Priest:'' We too, my Lord, your feeble, unworthy, and miserable servants who are gathered in your name and stand before you at this hour, and have received by tradition the example which is from you, while rejoicing, glorifying, exalting, and commemorating, perform this great, fearful, holy, life-giving, and divine Mystery of the passion, death, burial, and resurrection of our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ.

:And may there come, O my Lord, your Holy Spirit, and may he rest upon this oblation of your servants. May he bless it and hallow it, and may it be for us, O my Lord, for the pardon of debts, the forgiveness of sins, the great hope of resurrection from the dead, and for new life in the kingdom of heaven with all who have been well-pleasing before you. And for all this great and marvelous dispensation towards us we will give thanks to you and praise you without ceasing in your church, which is saved by the precious blood of your Christ.

====Liturgy of St. James====
In the [[Liturgy of Saint James]], according to the form in which it is celebrated on the island of [[Zakynthos]], [[Greece]], the anaphora is as follows:

:''Priest (aloud):'' Thy people and Thy Church entreat Thee. ''(thrice)''

:''People:'' Have mercy on us, Lord God, the Father, the Almighty. ''(thrice)''

:''The Priest, in a low voice:'' Have mercy on us, Lord God, the Father, the Almighty. Have mercy on us, God our Saviour. Have mercy on us, O God, in accordance with Thy great mercy, and send forth upon these holy gifts, here set forth, Thine all-holy Spirit, ''(bowing)'' the Lord and giver of life, enthroned with Thee, God and Father, and Thine only-begotten Son, co-reigning, consubstantial and co-eternal, who spoke by the Law and the Prophets and by Thy [[New Covenant]], who came down in the form of a dove upon our Lord Jesus Christ in the river Jordan, and rested upon him, who came down upon Thy holy Apostles in the form of fiery tongues in the upper room of holy and glorious Sion on the day of Pentecost. ''(Standing up)'' Thy same all-holy Spirit, Lord, send down on us and on these gifts here set forth,

:''(aloud):'' that having come by his holy, good and glorious presence, He may sanctify this bread and make it the holy [[Body of Christ]],

:''People:'' Amen.

:''Priest:'' and this Cup ([[Chalice (cup)|chalice]]) the precious [[Blood of Christ]],

:''People:'' Amen.

:''The Priest [[sign of the Cross|signs]] the holy Gifts and says in a low voice:'' that they may become for all those who partake of them for forgiveness of sins and everlasting life. For sanctification of souls and bodies. For a fruitful harvest of good works. For the strengthening of Thy holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church, which Thou didst found on the [[rock of the faith]], so that the gates of Hell might not prevail against it, delivering it from every heresy and from the scandals caused by those who work iniquity, and from the enemies who arise and attack it, until the consummation of the age.

====Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom====
In the [[Divine Liturgy]] of [[Saint John Chrysostom]] an epiclesis is present (explicit); the priest says:

:''Priest:'' Again we offer to Thee this spiritual and bloodless worship; and we beg Thee, we ask Thee, we pray Thee: Send down Thy Holy Spirit upon us and upon these Gifts set forth.<ref name=prayer>In the Slavic practice, at this point the priest and deacon make three [[Zemnoy poklon|metanias]] (bows) as they say, each time: "O God, cleanse me a sinner, and have mercy upon me." They then [[orans|raise their hands]] and the priest says the following [[troparion]] three times: "O Lord, Who didst send down Thy Most-holy Spirit at the [[Pentecost|third hour]] upon Thine apostles: Take Him not from us, O Good One, but renew Him in us who pray unto Thee." They both then make a metania. After the first recitation and its bow, the deacon stands aright and says the following words from [[Psalm 51|Psalm 50]]: "Create in me a clean heart, O God, and renew a right spirit within me." After the second recitation and bow, he says, "Cast me not away from Thy presence, and take not Thy Holy Spirit from me."</ref>
:''Priest:'' God Cleanse me a sinner and have mercy on me(3)
:''Priest'': O Lord, Who didst send down Thy most Holy Spirit at the third hour on Thy apostles, take Him not from us O Good One, but renew Him in us who pray unto Thee
:(''Deacon:'' Create in me a clean heart, O God, and renew a right spirit within me)
:''Priest'': O Lord, Who didst send down Thy most Holy Spirit at the third hour on Thy apostles, take Him not from us O Good One, but renew Him in us who pray unto Thee
:(''Deacon:'' Create in me a clean heart, O God, and renew a right spirit within me)
:''Priest'': O Lord, Who didst send down Thy most Holy Spirit at the third hour on Thy apostles, take Him not from us O Good One, but renew Him in us who pray unto Thee
:(''Deacon [pointing with his [[orarion]] to the [[diskos]]]:'' Bless, Master, the Holy Bread.)<ref>When a deacon is not serving, the words in parentheses are omitted. The priest's words make a complete sentence: "Make this bread the Precious Body of Thy Christ, and that which is in this cup, the Precious Blood of Thy Christ, changing them by Thy Holy Spirit."</ref>
:''Priest:'' Make this bread the Precious Body of Thy Christ,
:(''Deacon [pointing to the [[Chalice (cup)|chalice]]]:'' Amen. Bless, Master, the Holy Cup.)
:''Priest:'' And that which is in this Cup, the Precious Blood of Thy Christ,
:(''Deacon [pointing to both]:'' Amen. Bless them both, Master.)
:''Priest:'' Changing them by Thy Holy Spirit.
:(''Deacon:'' Amen, Amen, Amen.)

====Liturgy of St. Basil the Great====
In the [[Liturgy of Saint Basil the Great]], according to the Greek recension of the prayers, the liturgical actions described above for the Liturgy of Saint John Chrysostom are the same. The formula is as follows:{{cite quote|date=December 2019}}

:''Priest:'' Therefore, O Most-holy Master we sinners and Thine unworthy servants also, having been vouchsafed to minister at Thy holy Altar, not because of our righteousness, for we have not done that which is good on the earth, but because of Thy mercies and Thy compassions, which Thou hast poured out richly upon us, dare to draw nigh unto Thy holy Altar; and having presented the sacred emblems of the Body and Blood of Thy Christ, we pray Thee, and we call upon Thee: O Holy of Holies, through the favour of Thy goodness send Thy Holy Spirit down upon us, and upon these Gifts presented here, and bless them, sanctify, and manifest them.<ref name=prayer/>
:(''Deacon [pointing with his [[orarion]] to the [[diskos]]]:'' Bless, Master, the Holy Bread.)<ref>When a deacon is not serving, the words in parentheses are omitted. The priest's words make a complete sentence: "And make this Bread itself the precious Body of our Lord and God and Saviour Jesus Christ, and that which is in this Cup, the precious Blood itself of our Lord and God and Saviour Jesus Christ, which was shed for the life of the world, changing them by Thy Holy Spirit."</ref>
:''Priest:'' And make this Bread itself the precious Body of our Lord and God and Saviour Jesus Christ,
:(''Deacon [pointing to the chalice:'' Amen. Bless, Master, the Holy Cup.)
:''Priest:'' And that which is in this Cup, the precious Blood itself of our Lord and God and Saviour Jesus Christ,
:(''Deacon [pointing to both]:'' Amen. Bless them both, Master.)
:''Priest:'' Which was shed for the life of the world, and for its salvation.
:(''Deacon:'' Amen)
:''Priest:'' Changing them by Thy Holy Spirit.
:(''Deacon:'' Amen, Amen, Amen.)