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===Montaigne=== Montaigne's "attempts" grew out of his [[commonplacing]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/webexhibits/bookusebooktheory/commonplacethinking.html |title=Book Use Book Theory: 1500β1700: Commonplace Thinking |publisher=Lib.uchicago.edu |access-date=2013-08-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801200451/http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/webexhibits/bookusebooktheory/commonplacethinking.html |archive-date=2013-08-01 }}</ref> Inspired in particular by the works of [[Plutarch]], a translation of whose ''Εuvres Morales'' (''Moral works'') into French had just been published by [[Jacques Amyot]], Montaigne began to compose his essays in 1572; the first edition, entitled ''[[Essays (Montaigne)|Essais]]'', was published in two volumes in 1580.<ref>{{Cite book |year=1580 |last= Montaigne |first=Michel de |title= Essais de messire Michel de Montaigne,... livre premier et second |publisher= impr. de S. Millanges (Bourdeaus) |edition=I |url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8609579f/f5.image|access-date=22 November 2019|via= Gallica}}</ref> For the rest of his life, he continued revising previously published essays and composing new ones. A third volume was published posthumously; together, their over 100 examples are widely regarded as the predecessor of the modern essay.
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