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Facial expression
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=== Neuronal pathways === There are two brain pathways associated with facial expression; the first is voluntary expression. Voluntary expression travels from the [[primary motor cortex]] through the [[pyramidal tract]], specifically the [[corticobulbar tract|corticobulbar projections]]. The cortex is associated with display rules in emotion, which are social [[precepts]] that influence and modify expressions. Cortically related expressions are made consciously.<ref name="Rinn" /> The second type of expression is emotional. These expressions originate from the [[extrapyramidal motor system]], which involves subcortical nuclei. For this reason, genuine emotions are not associated with the cortex and are often displayed unconsciously. This is demonstrated in infants before the age of two; they display distress, disgust, interest, anger, contempt, surprise, and fear. Infants' displays of these emotions indicate that they are not cortically related. Similarly, blind children also display emotions, proving that they are subconscious rather than learned. Other subcortical facial expressions include the "knit brow" during concentration, raised eyebrows when listening attentively, and short "punctuation" expressions to add emphasis during speech. People can be unaware that they are producing these expressions.<ref name="Rinn" />
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