Editing Fastback (section)

==Aerodynamic advantages==
Fastbacks provide an advantage in developing [[aerodynamic]] vehicles with a low [[drag coefficient]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://aerowarriors.com/gswtt.html |last=Noffsinger |first=Ken R. |website=aerowarriors.com |title=The G-Series Wind Tunnel Test Report |date=June 2012 |access-date=6 February 2024}}</ref> For example, although lacking a [[wind tunnel]], [[Hudson Motor Car Company|Hudson]] designed its post-World War II cars to look aerodynamic, and "tests conducted by Nash later found that the Hudson had almost 20% less drag than contemporary [[notchback]] sedans".<ref>{{cite web |url= https://ateupwithmotor.com/model-histories/step-down-hudsons/ |title=Step-Down: The 1948-1954 Hudsons |first=Aaron |last=Severson |date=6 September 2009 |work=Ate Up With Motor |access-date=6 February 2024}}</ref> However, the aerodynamic teardrop shape meant lower headroom for rear seat passengers, limited visibility to the rear for the driver, and also meant a less practical, elongated rear end design.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://automobible.com/kammback/ |title=Kammback Is the Art of Making Air Flow Over Air |first=Danillo |last=Almeida |date=3 February 2023 |website=automobible.com |access-date=6 February 2024}}</ref>

=== Australia ===
In Australia, fastbacks (known as "slopers") were introduced in 1935, first designed by General Motors' [[Holden]] as one of the available bodies on [[Oldsmobile]], [[Chevrolet]], and [[Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] chassis. The sloper design was added by Richards Body Builders in Australia to [[Dodge]] and [[Plymouth (automobile)|Plymouth]] models in 1937; it was subsequently adopted by Ford Australia in 1939 and 1940, as well as a sloper style made on Nash chassis.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.handpub.com.au/Sloper-Page.php |title=The Sloper Page |work=Hand Publishing |access-date= 24 December 2015 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304032049/http://www.handpub.com.au/Sloper-Page.php |archive-date= 4 March 2016}}</ref> According to automotive historian [[G. N. Georgano|G.N. Georgano]], "the Slopers were advanced cars for their day".<ref>
[https://books.google.com/books?id=dmVQc0XKjVUC&pg=PA18&dq=Nick+Georgano+admits+the+Slopers+were+advanced+cars+for+their+day Walker, p. 18.]
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=== Europe ===
In Europe, there was a sloping rear on streamlined cars as early as 1945, from which the shapes of the [[Volkswagen Beetle]] and [[Porsche 356]] are derived.

=== Japan ===
In Japan, the [[Toyota AA]] first adopted the fastback style in 1936. It was strongly influenced by the 1933 [[DeSoto Airflow]]. The 1965 [[Mitsubishi Colt 800]] was the first [[post-war]] [[Automotive industry in Japan|Japanese]] fastback,<ref>[https://nosweb.jp/articles/detail/1617 サイドガラスは上ヒンジ！　日本初のファストバックスタイルは三菱の水島製作所が作ったこの車｜1968年式 三菱 コルト1000F 2ドアDX　Vol.1] – Nosweb.jp</ref> and the 1958 [[Subaru 360]] was the first [[Kei car|kei]] fastback. The [[Nissan Skyline|Prince Skyline 1900 Sprint]] was developed by [[Prince Motor Company]] in 1963, but was never marketed.<ref>[https://octane.jp/articles/detail/2267/1/1/1 プリンス自動車のインサイドストーリ―第5回│プリンスが自作した1900スプリント] – octane.jp</ref>

Afterwards, all Japanese automakers adopted the fastback style, with the 1967 [[Honda N360]], 1968 [[Nissan Sunny]] Coupe,<ref>[https://web.motormagazine.co.jp/_ct/17231365 【旧車】初代サニークーペ「名機A型エンジンを搭載した小さな傑作車」] – Webモーターマガジン</ref> 1968 [[Mazda Familia]] [[Wankel engine|Rotary]] Coupe,<ref>[https://web.motormagazine.co.jp/_ct/17284335 【昭和の名車 18】マツダ ファミリア ロータリークーペ（昭和43年：1968年）] – Webモーターマガジン</ref> 1970 [[Suzuki Fronte#Sting Ray Fronte|Suzuki Fronte "Sting Ray Look"]], and 1971 [[Daihatsu Fellow Max]].<ref>[https://kuruma-news.jp/post/227299 昔はスタイルを優先していた!?　秀逸なデザインの個性派軽自動車5選] – くるまのニュース</ref> From the late 1960s to the 1970s, American [[coke bottle styling]] became popular in Japan, as seen on [[Toyota]]'s 1973 [[Toyota Celica#Liftback|Celica "Liftback"]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://petrolicious.com/articles/this-toyota-celica-liftback-gt-beautifully-couples-japanese-and-american-design |title=This Toyota Celica Liftback GT Beautifully Couples Japanese And American Design |date=2017-05-15 |website=petrolicious.com |first=Alex |last=Sobran |access-date= 2020-09-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.hemmings.com/stories/article/1971-77-toyota-celica|title=1971-'77 Toyota Celica|date=2016-01-01 |publisher=Hemmings Motor News |first=Jeff |last=Koch |access-date=2020-09-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.automobilemag.com/news/1976-1977-toyota-celica-gt-liftback/ |title=Collectible Classic: 1976-1977 Toyota Celica GT Liftback |date= 2010-12-03 |work=Automobile Magazine |first=Jim |last=Fets |access-date= 2020-09-07 }}</ref>

=== North America ===
In North America, the numerous marketing terms for the fastback body style included "aerosedan", "club coupe", "sedanette" and "torpedo back".<ref>{{cite magazine |url= http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,799725-2,00.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090131072437/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,799725-2,00.html |url-status= dead |archive-date= 31 January 2009 |title=The Forty-Niners |magazine=Time |date= 24 January 1949 |access-date= 24 December 2015}}</ref> Cars included [[Cadillac]]'s [[Cadillac Series 61|Series 61]] and [[Cadillac Series 62|62]] Club Coupes, as well as various other models from [[General Motors]], [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]], and [[Chrysler]].

From the early 1940s until 1950, nearly every domestic manufacturer offered at least one fastback body style within their model lineups. Although the styling was good, the cars had less trunk capacity compared to the notchback designs.<ref>{{citation |date=11 April 2017 |title=Buick's Stylish, Impractical Fastbacks |first=Donald |last=Pittenger |work=The Style Critic}}</ref> In the mid-1960s, the style was revived on many GM and Ford products until the mid-1970s.