Editing Filmmaking (section)

=== Pre-production ===
{{See also|Pre-production}}
In pre-production, every step of actually creating the film is carefully designed and planned. This is the phase where one would narrow down all the options of the production. It is where all the planning takes place before the [[camera]] rolls and sets the overall vision of the project. The [[production company]] is created and a [[production office]] established. The film is pre-visualized by the director and may be [[storyboard]]ed with the help of [[illustrator]]s and [[concept artist]]s. A [[production budget]] is drawn up to plan expenditures for the film. For major productions, [[insurance]] is procured to protect against accidents. Pre-production also includes working out the shoot location and casting process. The Producer&nbsp;hires a Line Manager or a Production Manager to create the schedule and budget for the film.

The nature of the film, and the budget, determine the size and type of crew used during filmmaking. Many Hollywood [[Blockbuster (entertainment)|blockbusters]] employ a cast and crew of hundreds, while a low-budget, [[independent film]] may be made by a "skeleton crew" of eight or nine (or fewer). These are typical crew positions:

* [[Storyboard artist]]: creates visual images to help the director and production designer communicate their ideas to the production team.
* Director: is primarily responsible for the storytelling, creative decisions and acting of the film.
** [[Assistant director]] (AD): manages the [[shooting schedule]] and logistics of the production, among other tasks.  There are several types of AD, each with different responsibilities.
* [[Film producer]]: hires the film's crew.
** [[Unit production manager]]: manages the [[production budget]] and [[production schedule]]. They also report, on behalf of the production office, to the [[studio executives]] or financiers of the film.
*** [[Location manager]]: finds and manages film locations. Nearly all pictures feature segments that are shot in the controllable environment of a studio [[sound stage]], while outdoor sequences call for filming [[location shooting|on location]].
* [[Production designer]]: the one who creates the visual conception of the film, working with the [[art director]], who manages the art department which makes production [[set (film and TV scenery)|sets]].<ref name="Vincent LoBrutto 1994" />
** [[Costume designer]]: creates the clothing for the characters in the film working closely with the actors, as well as other departments.
** Makeup and hair designer: works closely with the costume designer in order to create a certain look for a character.
* [[Casting director]]: finds actors to fill the parts in the script. This normally requires that actors partake in an [[audition]], either live in front of the casting director or in front of one or more cameras.
** [[Choreographer]]: creates and coordinates the movement and dance – typically for musicals.  Some films also credit a [[fight choreographer]].
* [[cinematographer|Director of photography (DOP)]]: the head of the [[photography]] of the entire film, supervises all [[cinematographer]]s and [[camera operator]]s.
* [[Production sound mixer]]: the head of the sound department during the production stage of filmmaking. They record and mix the audio on set – dialogue, [[Presence (sound recording)|presence]] and [[sound effects]] in [[monaural]] and [[Ambience (sound recording)|ambience]] in stereo.<ref>''Sound for Digital Video'' by Tomlinson Holman (Focal Press) 2005 (p. 162)</ref><ref>''Dialogue Editing for Motion Pictures'' by John Purcell (Focal Press) 2007 (p. 148)</ref> They work with the [[Boom operator (media)|boom operator]], Director, DA, DP, and First AD.
** [[Sound designer]]: creates the aural conception of the film,<ref name="Vincent LoBrutto 1994">Sound-On-Film by Vincent LoBrutto (1994)</ref> working with the [[Supervising Sound Editor|supervising sound editor]]. On [[Bollywood]]-style Indian productions the sound designer plays the role of a [[director of audiography]].<ref>''Film Sound: Theory and Practice'', Edited by Elisabeth Weis and John Belton, Columbia University Press (1985). p. 361</ref>
** [[Composer]]: creates new music for the film. (usually not until post-production)