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Fire hose
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===Types=== There are several types of hose designed specifically for the fire service. Those designed to operate under positive pressure are called discharge hoses; they include: attack hose, supply hose, relay hose, forestry hose, and booster hose. Those designed to operate under negative pressure are called suction hoses. {| class="wikitable" !Name !Definition |- | Attack | Attack hose is a fabric-covered, flexible hose used to bring water from the fire pumper to the nozzle. This hose ranges in nominal inside diameter from {{convert|1.5|to|3|in|mm|abbr=on}} and is designed to operate at pressures up to about {{convert|400|psi|kPa|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}. The standard length is {{convert|50|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}.<ref name=NFPA1961>NFPA 1961: Fire Hose. National Fire Protection Association, 1997.</ref> |- | Supply and relay hoses | Supply and relay hoses are large-diameter, fabric-covered, flexible hoses used to bring water from a distant hydrant to the fire pumper, or to relay water from one pumper to another over a long distance. These hoses range in nominal inside diameter from {{convert|3.5|to|5.0|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}. They are designed to operate at pressures up to about {{convert|300|psi|kPa|sigfig=3|abbr=on}} for the smaller diameters and up to {{convert|200|psi|kPa|sigfig=3|abbr=on}} for the larger diameters. The standard length is {{convert|100|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}.<ref name=NFPA1961/> |- | Forestry hose | Forestry hose is a fabric-covered, flexible hose used to fight fires in grass, brush, and trees where a lightweight hose is needed to maneuver it over steep or rough terrain. Forestry hose comes in {{convert|1.0|and|1.5|in|mm|abbr=on}} nominal inside diameters and is designed to operate at pressures up to about {{convert|450|psi|kPa|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}. The standard length is {{convert|100|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}. |- | Booster hose | Booster hose is a rubber-covered, thick-walled, flexible hose used to fight small fires. It retains its round cross-section when it is not under pressure and is usually carried on a reel on the fire pumper, rather than being stored flat. Booster hose comes in {{convert|0.75|and|1.0|in|mm|abbr=on}} nominal inside diameters and is designed to operate at pressures up to {{convert|800|psi|kPa|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}. The standard length is {{convert|100|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}.<ref name=NFPA1963>NFPA 1963: Fire Hose Connections. National Fire Protection Association, 1993.</ref> |- | [[Hard suction hose|Suction hose]] | Suction hose, sometimes called hard-suction hose, is usually a rubber-covered, semi-rigid hose with internal, metal reinforcements. It is used to suck water out of unpressurized sources such as ponds, rivers, or swimming pools for home wildfire protection purposes. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jjsfiresupply.com/productlistcategory.asp?urll=Home_Wildfire_Protection_Systems&category=21 |title=Home Wildfire Protection Systems|access-date=2021-08-30}}</ref> Hard-suction hose comprises multiple layers of rubber and woven fabric encapsulating an internal helix of steel wire. Some very flexible hard-suction hoses use a thin, polyvinyl chloride cover with a polyvinyl chloride plastic helix. Suction hose ranges in nominal inside diameter from {{convert|2.5|to|6.0|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}. The standard length is {{convert|10|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}. |} Another suction hose, called a soft-suction hose, is actually a short length of fabric-covered, flexible discharge hose used to connect the fire pumper suction inlet with a pressurized hydrant. It is not a true suction hose, since it cannot withstand negative pressure.<ref name=NFPA1963/>
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