Editing GWR 4000 Class (section)

==Production series==
During initial trials the prototype proved to be largely successful although [[Charles Rous-Marten]] commented that 'there were indications that with heavier loads, and less favourable weather, greater adhesion would be needed.'<ref name=Nock1>{{harvnb |Nock |1980 |p=29}}</ref> The production series were therefore all built with a 4-6-0 wheel arrangement. They also had inside Walschaerts valve gear rather than the scissors gear.<ref name=RCTS2>{{harvnb|le Fleming|1953 |p=H7}}</ref> Seven series of what would later be known as 'Star Class' locomotives built between 1907 and 1923 each of which contained detailed differences from the others

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+ Table of orders and numbers{{sfnb|Allcock|Davies|le Fleming|Maskelyne|1968|pp=30–32}}
! Year !! Quantity !! Lot No. !! Works Nos. !! Locomotive numbers !! Notes
|-
| 1906 || 1 || 161 || 2168 || 40 || align-left | Built as 4-4-2; rebuilt to 4-6-0 in 1909; renumbered 4000 in 1912
|-
| 1907 || 10 || 168 || 2229–2238 || 4001–4010 || align=left | Star series
|-
| 1908 || 10 || 173 || 2300–2309 || 4011–4020 || align=left | Knight series
|-
| 1909 || 10 || 178 || 2365–2374 || 4021–4030 || align=left | King series (Monarch series from 1927)
|-
| 1910–11 || 10 || 180 || 2380–2389 || 4031–4040 || align=left | Queen series
|-
| 1913 || 5 || 195 || 2536–2540 || 4041–4045 || align=left | Prince series
|-
| 1914 || 15 || 199 || 2572–2586 || 4046–4060 || align=left | Princess series
|-
| 1922–23 || 12 || 217 || 2919–2926 || 4061–4072 || align=left | Abbey series
|}

===Star series===
[[File:Lode Star GWR 4-6-0.JPG|thumb|First series No. 4003 Lode Star, at [[Tyseley Locomotive Works]]]]
The first series of ten locomotives were built at Swindon in 1907 (Lot 168) numbered 4001–4010 and named after well-known Stars, perpetuating the names of the earlier broad gauge [[GWR Star Class]] of 1838.<ref name=RCTS2 /> All except for No. 4010 Western Star were built without [[superheater]]s. No. 4010 received a 'Swindon No. 1' superheater and the remainder received superheated boilers between August 1909 and October 1912. No. 4009 Shooting Star was rebuilt as a member of the Castle Class in April 1925. The surviving members of the series were withdrawn 1932–1951, although No. 4003 ''Lode Star'' was preserved.

===Knight series===
A second series of ten similar locomotives appeared in 1908 (Swindon Lot 173), with improved bogies, numbered 4011–4020 and named after historical knights. Nos. 4011 was built with a Swindon No. 1 [[superheater]], the remainder were fitted with the standard No.3 superheater between 1909 and 1911.<ref name=RCTS2 /> They were withdrawn between 1932 and 1951.

===King series===
[[File:Swindon with GW 'Star' 4-6-0 geograph-2896614-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg|thumb|No. 4025 - after the name ''Italian Monarch'' was removed in 1940]]
A third series of ten further locomotives appeared during 1909 (Swindon Lot 178), numbered 4021–4030 and named after British Kings. The framing for these had curved ends under the cab and over the cylinders. In June 1909, No. 4021 ''King Edward'' was built with a Swindon No. 3 superheater but the remainder had saturated steam boilers until 1910–13.<ref name=RCTS3>{{harvnb |le Fleming|1953 |p=H8}}</ref> ''King Edward'' notably hauled the [[funeral train]] for the [[funeral of King Edward VII]] on 20 May 1910; the mourners included nine kings and emperors, the largest number of crowned monarchs ever to travel in the same train.<ref>{{cite book |last=Maggs |first=Colin |date=2011 |title=The Branch Lines of Berkshire |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7E2IAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT10 |location=Stroud, Gloucestershire |publisher=Amberley Publishing |page=10 |isbn=978-1848683471 }}</ref> The class were all renamed during 1927 to allow for their names to be used on the new [[GWR 6000 Class|King Class]]. Instead, they were given names of a country followed by the word 'Monarch' (e.g. ''The Norwegian Monarch''). However, several of the names relating to enemy countries were removed during the [[Second World War]] (1940-1). They were all withdrawn between 1934 and 1952.

===Queen series===
[[File:Goring Troughs 2 geograph-2459081-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg|thumb|No. 4034 ''Queen Adelaide'']]
A fourth series of ten further locomotives appeared during 1910 and 1911 (Swindon Lot 180). They were numbered 4031–4040 and named after British Queens. This series (and subsequent members of the class) were all built with a Swindon No. 3 superheater.<ref name=RCTS3 /> This series was fitted with new style {{convert|3500|impgal|abbr=on}} tenders. Two examples (No. 4032 ''Queen Alexandra'' and No. 4037 ''Queen Philippa'') were rebuilt as Castle class locomotives in 1926. The remainder were withdrawn by [[British Railways]] between 1950 and 1952.

===Prince series===
Five further locomotives appeared in 1913 (Swindon Lot 195). These were numbered 4041–4045 and named after the sons of King George V. No. 4041 was built with enlarged {{convert|15|x|26|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} diameter cylinders giving a [[tractive effort]] of {{convert|27800|lbf|kN|2|abbr=on}}. Once this was proved to be beneficial, this size gradually became the standard for the class, as they visited the works for their periodic overhaul.<ref name=RCTS3 /> The boilers were given top-feed apparatus which also later became standard for the whole class.<ref name=Nock2>{{harvnb |Nock |1980 |p=51}}</ref> The locomotives were all withdrawn by British Railways between 1950 and 1953.

===Princess series===
[[File:Reading (General) geograph-2428561-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg|thumb|No. 4049 ''Princess Maud'']]
The GWR experienced a substantial growth in long-distance passenger traffic immediately before the [[First World War]] requiring a further series of fifteen locomotives during the first six months of 1914 (Swindon Lot 199).<ref name=Nock3>{{harvnb |Nock |1980 |pp=51–2}}</ref> These were numbered 4046–4060 and named after British princesses. They were all built with {{convert|15|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} diameter cylinders and had improved boilers compared to the previous batch.<ref name=RCTS3 /> They also introduced an improved four-cone [[injector#Vacuum ejectors|vacuum ejector]] made necessary to improve braking on the increasingly long passenger trains.<ref name=Nock3 /> The locomotives were all withdrawn by British Railways between 1950 and 1957.

===Abbey series===
[[File:Basingstoke, with GW 'Star' 4-6-0 geograph-2896730-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg|thumb|4061 ''Glastonbury Abbey'']]
A final batch of twelve further locomotives appeared in 1922-1923 (Swindon Lot 217). These were numbered 4061–4072 and were named after famous Abbeys in the GWR territory. They were built with improved crank axles.<ref name=RCTS3 /> In 1937 Nos. 4063–4072 were all rebuilt as Castle Class locomotives, being renumbered 5083–5092 but retaining their original names. The remaining two locomotives were withdrawn by British Railways in 1956 and 1957.