Editing Gay Liberation Front (section)

=== San Francisco ===
On October 31, 1969, sixty members of the GLF, the Committee for Homosexual Freedom (CHF), and the Gay Guerilla Theatre group staged a protest outside the offices of the ''[[San Francisco Examiner]]'' in response to a series of news articles disparaging people in San Francisco's [[gay bar]]s and clubs.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Teal |first1=Donn |title=The Gay Militants: How Gay Liberation Began in America, 1969-1971 |date=1971 |pages=52–58 |publisher=[[St. Martin's Press]] |location=New York |isbn=0312112793 }}</ref><ref name=Gould_book>{{cite magazine |last=Gould|first=Robert E.|title=What We Don't Know About Homosexuality|magazine=[[New York Times Magazine]]|date= February 24, 1974|isbn=9780231084376|access-date=January 1, 2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0wfHq53yNCYC&pg=PA371}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Laurence |first1=Leo E. |title=Gays Penetrate Examiner |url=https://voices.revealdigital.com/?a=d&d=BFBJFGJ19691031.1.4&e=-------en-20--1--txt-txIN---------------1 |work=[[Berkeley Tribe]] |date=October 31 – November 6, 1969 |volume=1 |issue=17 |page=4 |access-date=7 August 2019}}</ref><ref name=Alwood_1996>{{cite book|last=Alwood |first=Edward|title=Straight News: Gays, Lesbians, and the News Media|publisher=[[Columbia University Press]]|isbn=0-231-08436-6|year=1996|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0wfHq53yNCYC&pg=PA94|access-date=January 1, 2008}}</ref> The peaceful protest against the ''Examiner'' turned tumultuous and was later called "Friday of the Purple Hand" and "Bloody Friday of the Purple Hand".<ref name=Alwood_1996 /><ref name=BellVV>{{cite news |last=Bell|first=Arthur |author-link=Arthur Bell (journalist)|title=Has The Gay Movement Gone Establishment?|work=[[The Village Voice]]|date=March 28, 1974|isbn=9780231084376 |access-date=January 1, 2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0wfHq53yNCYC&pg=PA371}}</ref><ref name=Van_Buskirk>{{cite news|last=Van Buskirk |first=Jim |title=Gay Media Comes of Age |url=http://www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/san_francisco,2.html |work=[[Bay Area Reporter]] |year=2004 |archive-date=July 5, 2015 |access-date=2008-01-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705201921/http://www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/san_francisco%2C2.html }}</ref><ref name=Friday>{{cite news|title=Friday of the Purple Hand |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X-s3MQmEQiMC&pg=PA51 |work=San Francisco Free Press|date=November 15–30, 1969 |isbn = 9780811811873|access-date=January 1, 2008|last1 = Stryker|first1 = Susan|last2 = Buskirk|first2 = Jim Van}} (courtesy: the [[GLBT Historical Society|Gay Lesbian Historical Society]].</ref><ref name=DelMartin>{{cite journal |last1=Martin |first1=Del |title=The Police Beat: Crime in the Streets |url=http://digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/sfbagals/Vector/1969_Vector_Vol05_No12_Dec.pdf |journal=Vector (San Francisco) |volume=5 |issue=12 |page=9 |date=December 1969 |access-date=June 1, 2019}}</ref><ref name=GayPower>{{cite web |title="Gay Power" Politics |url=http://ebar.com/openforum/opforum.php?sec=guest_op&id=41 |website=GLBTQ, Inc. |date=March 30, 2006|access-date=January 1, 2008}}</ref> Examiner employees "dumped a barrel of printers' ink on the crowd from the roof of the newspaper building", according to [[glbtq.com]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/san_francisco%2C2.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705201921/http://www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/san_francisco%2C2.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2015-07-05 |title=glbtq >> social sciences >> San Francisco |access-date=2019-12-11}}</ref> Some reports state that it was a barrel of ink poured from the roof of the building.<ref name=Montanarelli>{{cite book|last1=Montanarelli|first1=Lisa|last2=Harrison|first2=Ann|title=Strange But True San Francisco: Tales of the City by the Bay|year=2005|publisher=Globe Pequot|isbn=0-7627-3681-X|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5FqTS3ZCbjgC|access-date=January 1, 2008}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The protesters "used the ink to scrawl slogans on the building walls" and slap purple hand prints "throughout downtown [San Francisco]" resulting in "one of the most visible demonstrations of gay power" according to the ''[[Bay Area Reporter]]''.<ref name=Alwood_1996 /><ref name=Van_Buskirk /><ref name=GayPower/> According to Larry LittleJohn, then president of [[Society for Individual Rights]], "At that point, the tactical squad arrived&nbsp;– not to get the employees who dumped the ink, but to arrest the demonstrators. Somebody could have been hurt if that ink had gotten into their eyes, but the police were knocking people to the ground."<ref name=Alwood_1996 /> The accounts of [[police brutality]] include women being thrown to the ground and protesters' teeth being knocked out.<ref name=Alwood_1996 /><ref name=NewspaperSeries>{{cite news|title=Newspaper Series Surprises Activists|work=[[The Advocate (LGBT magazine)|The Advocate]]|date=24 April 1974|isbn=9780231084376|access-date=January 1, 2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0wfHq53yNCYC&pg=PA371|last1=Alwood|first1=Edward}}</ref> Inspired by [[Black Hand (extortion)|Black Hand]] extortion methods of [[Camorra]] [[gangster]]s and [[Italian-American Mafia|the Mafia]],<ref name=Nash>{{cite book|last1=Nash|first1=Jay Robert|title=World Encyclopedia of Organized Crime|date=1993|publisher=[[Da Capo Press]]|isbn=0-306-80535-9}}</ref> some gay and lesbian activists attempted to institute "purple hand" as a warning to stop anti-gay attacks, but with little success.{{Citation needed|date=June 2019}} In Turkey, the LGBT rights organization MorEl Eskişehir LGBTT Oluşumu (Purple Hand Eskişehir LGBT Formation), also bears the name of this symbol.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://moreleskisehir.blogspot.com |title=MorEl Eskişehir LGBTT Oluşumu |website=Moreleskisehir.blogspot.com |access-date=January 23, 2012}}</ref>

In 1970 "The U.S. Mission" had a permit to use a campground in the [[Sequoia National Forest]]. Once it was learned that the group was sponsored by the GLF, the Sequoia National Forest supervisor cancelled the permit, and the campground was closed for the period.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=GOgzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=1jIHAAAAIBAJ&pg=3517%2C7844376 "Gay Group Loses Campground Use"], ''Lodi News Sentinel'', June 26, 1970.</ref>