Editing Gentoo penguin (section)

==Description==
[[File:Gentoo-Colony.jpg|left|thumb|220px|[[Saunders Island, Falkland Islands|Saunders Island]], [[Falkland Islands]]]]

The gentoo penguin is easily recognised by the wide, white stripe extending like a [[bonnet (headgear)|bonnet]] across the top of its head and its bright orange-red bill. It has pale whitish-pink, webbed feet and a fairly long tail – the most prominent tail of all penguin species. Chicks have grey backs with white fronts. As the gentoo penguin waddles along on land, its tail sticks out behind, sweeping from side to side, hence the scientific name ''Pygoscelis'', which means "rump-tailed".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arkive.org/gentoo-penguin/pygoscelis-papua/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090520085242/http://www.arkive.org/gentoo-penguin/pygoscelis-papua/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2009-05-20|title=Gentoo penguin videos, photos and facts – ''Pygoscelis papua''|website=Arkive}}</ref>

[[File:Falkland Islands Penguins 45.jpg|thumb|A close-up of head on the [[West Falkland]]]]
Gentoo penguins can reach a length of {{Convert|70|to|90|cm|abbr = on}},<ref>{{cite web|url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Pygoscelis_papua.html|title=''Pygoscelis papua'' (gentoo penguin)|website=Animal Diversity Web}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/peter_and_Barbara_Barham/GENTOO.htm |title=Gentoo Penguin – Pygoscelis Papua  |access-date=2008-09-23|author1=Barham, Peter |author2= Barham, Barbara |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920031831/http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/Peter_and_Barbara_Barham/gentoo.htm |archive-date=2008-09-20 |url-status=dead }}</ref> making them the third-largest species of penguin after the [[emperor penguin]] and the [[king penguin]]. Males have a maximum weight around {{Convert|8.5|kg|abbr=on}} just before [[moulting]] and a minimum weight of about {{Convert|4.9|kg|abbr=on}} just before mating. For females, the maximum weight is {{Convert|8.2|kg|abbr=on}} just before moulting, but their weight drops to as little as {{Convert|4.5|kg|abbr=on}} when guarding the chicks in the nest.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/birds/Pygoscelis_papua/more_info.html?section=factsAndStatus|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120718020909/http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/birds/Pygoscelis_papua/more_info.html?section=factsAndStatus|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-07-18|title=Gentoo penguin videos, photos and facts – ''Pygoscelis papua''|website=Arkive}}</ref> Birds from the north are on average {{Convert|700|g|lb|abbr = on}} heavier and {{Convert|10|cm|abbr = on}} longer than the southern birds. Southern gentoo penguins reach {{convert|75|–|80|cm|in|abbr=on}} in length.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/wildlife/gentoo_penguin.htm|title=Antarctica fact file wildlife, gentoo penguins|website=coolantarctica.com}}</ref> They are the fastest underwater swimmers of all penguins, reaching speeds up to {{Convert|36|km/h|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Gentoo_Penguin|title=Gentoo penguin|work=BBC Nature|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205133021/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/life/Gentoo_Penguin|archive-date=2012-02-05}}</ref> Gentoos are well adapted to extremely cold and harsh climates.