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Group 10 element
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=== Physical properties === {| class="wikitable" |+Physical properties of the group 10 elements<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/957751024 |title=CRC handbook of chemistry and physics : a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data. |date=2017 |others=William M. Haynes, David R. Lide, Thomas J. Bruno |isbn=978-1-4987-5429-3 |edition=97th |location=Boca Raton, Florida |oclc=957751024}}</ref> !Z !Element !Physical form !Molecular weight !Density (g/cm<sup>3</sup>) !Melting point (Β°C) !Boiling point (Β°C) !Heat capacity/C<sub>p</sub>(c) (J mol<sup>β1</sup> K<sup>β1</sup>) !Electron affinity (eV) !Ionization energy (eV) |- |28 |nickel |white metal; cubic |{{Center|58.693}} |{{Center|8.90}} |{{Center|1455}} |{{Center|2913}} |{{Center|26.1}} |{{Center|1.156}} |{{Center|7.6399}} |- |46 |palladium |silver-white metal; cubic |{{Center|106.42}} |{{Center|12.0}} |{{Center|1554.8}} |{{Center|2963}} |{{Center|26.0}} |{{Center|0.562}} |{{Center|8.3369}} |- |78 |platinum |silver-gray metal; cubic |{{Center|195.048}} |{{Center|21.5}} |{{Center|1768.2}} |{{Center|3825}} |{{Center|25.9}} |{{Center|2.128}} |{{Center|8.9588}} |} Darmstadtium has not been isolated in pure form, and its properties have not been conclusively observed; only nickel, palladium, and platinum have had their properties experimentally confirmed. Nickel, platinum, and palladium are typically silvery-white transition metals, and can also be readily obtained in powdered form.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last1=Greenwood |first1=N. N. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48138330 |title=Chemistry of the elements |last2=Earnshaw |first2=A |date=1997 |publisher=Butterworth-Heinemann |isbn=0-585-37339-6 |edition=2nd |location=Boston, Mass. |oclc=48138330}}</ref> They are hard, have a high [[Lustre (mineralogy)|luster]], and are highly [[ductile]]. Group 10 elements are resistant to tarnish ([[oxidation]]) at [[Standard temperature and pressure|STP]], are [[refractory]], and have high melting and boiling points.
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