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Gur languages
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== Classification == The regions on the map denote regional distribution of the Central Gur languages. The tree-diagram below denotes the relations between these languages and their closest relatives: {{tree list}} * ? Greater Gur (or Gur–Adamawa) ** Central Gur (or Mabia) *** Northern Gur **** {{tree list/branching}} ***** (1.) [[Oti–Volta languages|Oti–Volta]] (28 languages, including [[Mossi language|Mooré]], [[Mamprusi language|Mamprusi]], [[Dagbani language|Dagbani]], and [[Gurma language|Gurma]]) ***** (2.) [[Bwa languages|Bwa]] (or Bwamu, Bomu, Bobo-Wule) **** (3.) [[Koromfe language|''Koromfé'' (or Koromfe)]] *** Southern Gur **** {{tree list/branching}} ***** (4.) East Mabia ****** [[Grũsi languages|Gurunsi (or Grũsi)]] (20 languages, including [[Kabiye language|Kabiye]]) ***** (5.) Kirma–Lobi ****** Kirma–Tyurama ([[Cerma language|Cerma]], [[Turka language|Turka]]) ****** Lobi–Dyan ([[Lobi language|Lobi]], [[Dyan language|Dyan]]) **** (6.) Doghose–Gan ([[Dogosé language|Dogosé]], [[Kaansa language|Kaansa]], [[Khisa language|Khisa]]) **** (7.) ? Dogoso–Khe ([[Dogoso language|Dogoso]], [[Khe language|Khe]]) ** ? [[Waja languages|Waja]]–[[Kam language (Nigeria)|Kam]] ** ? [[Leko–Nimbari languages|Leko–Nimbari]] ** ? (possibly other putative [[Adamawa languages]]) {{tree list/end}} The position of Dogoso–Khe in Southern Gur is not clear; it is not closely related to other members of the branch. === Bodomo (2017) === [[Adams Bodomo|Bodomo]] (2017) refers to the entire Central Gur group as ''Mabia''.<ref>Bodomo, Adams. 2017. ''Mabia: its etymological genesis, geographical spread and some salient genetic features''. Paper presented at the Mabia Languages Conferences in Winneba, Ghana and Vienna, Austria.</ref> The term ''Mabia'' is a portmanteau of the two [[Lexical Innovation|lexical innovations]] ''ma''- 'mother' + ''bia'' 'child'.<ref name="Bodomo 2020"/> The following is a classification of the Mabia (or Central Gur) languages from Bodomo (2017), as cited in Bodomo (2020).<ref name="Bodomo 2020">Bodomo, Adams. 2020. "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342715507_MABIA_Its_Genesis_Geographical_Spread_and_some_Salient_Genetic_Features Mabia: Its Etymological Genesis, Geographical Spread, and some Salient Genetic Features]." In: Bodomo A., Abubakari H. & Issah, S. 2020. ''Handbook of the Mabia Languages of West Africa''. Galda Verlag, Berlin, Germany. 400 pages, ISBN 978-3-96203-117-6 (Print) ISBN 978-3-96203-118-3 (E-Book)</ref> Bodomo divides Mabia into three primary branches, namely West, East, and Central. {{tree list}} * '''Mabia''' ** '''[[East Mabia languages|East]] (or Gurunsi, Grũsi)''' *** [[Kasena language|Kasem]] *** [[Sisaala language|Sisaala]] *** [[Kabiye language|Kabiye]] ** '''[[West Mabia languages|West]] (or Gurma)''' *** [[Bassari language (Togo)|Bassari]] *** [[Konkomba language|Konkomba]] *** [[Moba language|Moba]] ** '''[[Central Mabia languages|Central]]''' *** Dagaare **** [[Dagaare language|Dagaare]] **** [[Wali language (Gur)|Wali]] **** [[Birifor language|Birifor]] **** [[Safaliba language|Safaliba]] *** North **** [[Moore language|Moore]] *** Mid-Central **** [[Mabiene language|Mabiene]] **** [[Frafra language|Frafra (Nankanè)]] **** [[Nabit language|Nabit]] *** South **** [[Dagbani language|Dagbani]] **** [[Mamprusi language|Mampruli]] **** [[Dagbani language|Nanuni]] (a dialect of Dagbani) *** Kusaal **** [[Kusasi language|Kusaal (Kusasi)]] **** [[Talni language|Talni]] *** Buli–Konni **** [[Buli language (Ghana)|Buli]] **** [[Konni language|Konni]] *** Hanga–Kamara **** [[Hanga language|Hanga]] **** [[Kamara language|Kamara]] {{tree list/end}} The term ''Mabia'', instead of ''Gur'', is also used by Naden (2021).<ref>Naden, Tony. 2021. ''Comparative Dictionary of Central Mabia Languages (Formerly Western Oti-Volta) / Dictionnaire Comparatif Des Langues Mabia-Central (anciennement Western Oti-Volta)''. m.s.</ref> Naden (2021) lists the languages of the Southern/Eastern Mabia group as [[Dagbani language|Dagbani]], [[Hanga language|Hanga]], [[Kantosi language|Kantoosi]], [[Kamara language|Kamara]], [[Kusasi language|Kusaal (Kusasi)]], [[Mamprusi language|Mampruli (Mamprusi)]], [[Nabit language|Nabit]], [[Dagbani language|Nanun/Nanuni]] (also considered a dialect of Dagbani), and [[Talni language|Talni]].
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