Editing Haemonchus contortus (section)

== Genetics ==
The ''H. contortus'' draft genome was published in 2013.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1186/gb-2013-14-8-r88 |pmid=23985316 |pmc=4054779 |title=The genome and transcriptome of Haemonchus contortus, a key model parasite for drug and vaccine discovery |journal=Genome Biology |volume=14 |issue=8 |pages=R88 |year=2013 |last1=Laing |first1=Roz |last2=Kikuchi |first2=Taisei |last3=Martinelli |first3=Axel |last4=Tsai |first4=Isheng J |last5=Beech |first5=Robin N |last6=Redman |first6=Elizabeth |last7=Holroyd |first7=Nancy |last8=Bartley |first8=David J |last9=Beasley |first9=Helen |last10=Britton |first10=Collette |last11=Curran |first11=David |last12=Devaney |first12=Eileen |last13=Gilabert |first13=Aude |last14=Hunt |first14=Martin |last15=Jackson |first15=Frank |last16=Johnston |first16=Stephanie L |last17=Kryukov |first17=Ivan |last18=Li |first18=Keyu |last19=Morrison |first19=Alison A |last20=Reid |first20=Adam J |last21=Sargison |first21=Neil |last22=Saunders |first22=Gary I |last23=Wasmuth |first23=James D |last24=Wolstenholme |first24=Adrian |last25=Berriman |first25=Matthew |last26=Gilleard |first26=John S |last27=Cotton |first27=James A |doi-access=free }}</ref> Further work to complete the reference genome is underway at the [[Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute]] in collaboration with the University of Calgary, the University of Glasgow, and the [[Moredun Research Institute]]. Developing genetic and genomic resources for this parasite will facilitate the identification of the genetic changes conferring anthelmintic [[drug resistance|resistance]] and may help design new drugs or [[vaccine]]s to combat disease and improve animal health.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sanger.ac.uk/resources/downloads/helminths/haemonchus-contortus.html|title = Haemonchus contortus - Wellcome Sanger Institute}}</ref>

The ''H. contortus'' reference genome was published at chromosome-scale in 2020. 5 autosomes and one X chromosome were assembled. Quite remarkably, each chromosome had a very similar gene content compared to the corresponding chromosome in ''[[C. elegans]]'', yet there was little conservation of gene order. This genome is the fourth version from Wellcome Sanger.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Doyle |first1=SR |last2=Tracey |first2=A |last3=Laing |first3=R |last4=Holroyd |first4=N |last5=Bartley |first5=D |last6=Bazant |first6=W |last7=Beasley |first7=H |last8=Beech |first8=R |last9=Britton |first9=C |last10=Brooks |first10=K |last11=Chaudhry |first11=U |last12=Maitland |first12=K |last13=Martinelli |first13=A |last14=Noonan |first14=JD |last15=Paulini |first15=M |last16=Quail |first16=MA |last17=Redman |first17=E |last18=Rodgers |first18=FH |last19=Sallé |first19=G |last20=Shabbir |first20=MZ |last21=Sankaranarayanan |first21=G |last22=Wit |first22=J |last23=Howe |first23=KL |last24=Sargison |first24=N |last25=Devaney |first25=E |last26=Berriman |first26=M |last27=Gilleard |first27=JS |last28=Cotton |first28=JA |title=Genomic and transcriptomic variation defines the chromosome-scale assembly of Haemonchus contortus, a model gastrointestinal worm. |journal=Communications Biology |date=9 November 2020 |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=656 |doi=10.1038/s42003-020-01377-3 |pmid=33168940|pmc=7652881 }}</ref>