Editing Halmahera (section)

==Ecology==
[[File:Semioptera wallacei by Bowdler Sharpe.jpg|thumb|right|upright|''[[Semioptera wallacii]]'' by [[Richard Bowdler Sharpe]] (1847–1909)]]
{{main|Halmahera rain forests}}

The [[flightless]] [[invisible rail]] is [[endemic]] to the island.<ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Habroptila wallacii'' |volume=2016 |page=e.T22692781A93369321 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22692781A93369321.en |access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> The recently discovered palm tree ''[[Jailoloa halmaherensis]]'' is also endemic to Halmahera.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Three new genera of arecoid palm (Arecaceae) from eastern Malesia |year=2014 |last1=Heatubun |first1=Charlie D. |last2=Zona |first2=Scott |last3=Baker |first3=William J. |journal=Kew Bulletin |volume=69 |issue=3 |page=9525 |doi=10.1007/s12225-014-9525-x |bibcode=2014KewBu..69.9525H |s2cid=24848021}}</ref>

The naturalist [[Alfred Russel Wallace]] visited Halmahera, as described in his 1869 book ''[[The Malay Archipelago]]''. He considered the [[standardwing]] [[Bird-of-paradise|bird of paradise]], ''Semioptera wallacii'', to be his greatest prize.<ref>{{cite web |title=Halmahera and Wallace's Greatest Prize: The Standardwing Bird of Paradise |url=http://wallacefund.info/halmahera-and-wallace-s-greatest-prize-standardwing-bird-paradise |publisher=Wallace Fund |access-date=1 April 2015 |archive-date=24 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924070703/http://wallacefund.info/halmahera-and-wallace-s-greatest-prize-standardwing-bird-paradise |url-status=dead}}</ref> It was in February 1858, on the island of [[Ternate]] (or perhaps while on Halmahera itself), between bouts of fever, that Wallace came to the idea of natural selection via the survival of the fittest. Wallace wrote his ideas during the next couple of days, and sent the historical letter to [[Charles Darwin|Darwin]].