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History of logic
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==== Origin ==== The [[Nasadiya Sukta]] of the ''[[Rigveda]]'' ([[Mandala 10|RV 10]].129) contains [[ontological]] speculation in terms of various logical divisions that were later recast formally as the four circles of ''[[catuskoti]]'': "A", "not A", "A and 'not A{{'"}}, and "not A and not not A". {{Rquote|right|"Who really knows? <br/>Who will here proclaim it? <br/>Whence was it produced? Whence is this creation? <br/>The gods came afterwards, with the creation of this universe. <br/>Who then knows whence it has arisen?"|[[Nasadiya Sukta]], concerns the [[origin of the universe]], [[Rig Veda]], ''10:129-6'' <ref name="Kramer1986">{{cite book |author-first=Kenneth |author-last=Kramer |title=World Scriptures: An Introduction to Comparative Religions |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RzUAu-43W5oC&pg=PA34 |date=January 1986 |publisher=Paulist Press |isbn=978-0-8091-2781-8 |pages=34β}}</ref><ref name="Christian2011">{{cite book |author-first=David |author-last=Christian |title=Maps of Time: An Introduction to Big History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7RdVmDjwTtQC&pg=PA18|date=1 September 2011 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-95067-2 |pages=18β}}</ref><ref name="Singh2008">{{cite book |author-first=Upinder |author-last=Singh |title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA206 |date=2008 |publisher=Pearson Education India |isbn=978-81-317-1120-0 |pages=206β}}</ref>}} Logic began independently in [[ancient India]] and continued to develop to early modern times without any known influence from Greek logic.<ref>Bochenski p. 446</ref>
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