Editing Hopi language (section)

== Language contact ==
Hopi is part of the [[Pueblo linguistic area]] (a [[Sprachbund]]) along with members of the [[Tanoan languages|Tanoan]] family, the [[Keres language|Keresan languages]], [[Zuni language|Zuni]], and [[Navajo language|Navajo]].

Hopi speakers have traditionally used Hopi as the language of communication with [[Zuni people|Zuni]]. They have also been in close contact with a Tanoan language for over 300 years since the [[Arizona Tewa]], who speak [[Tewa language|Tewa]], moved from the [[Galisteo Basin]] following the [[Pueblo Revolt]] to reside on First Mesa. The Arizona Tewa have traditionally acted as translators for the Hopi-speaking Tewa, Hopi, Navajo, Spanish, and English.

The Hopi had cursory contact with Spanish beginning with the explorers in 1540. In 1629 a small group of [[Franciscans|Franciscan]] missionaries started arriving in Hopi territory, building a church the following year. They remained there until 1680 when the [[Pueblo Revolt]] occurred and the Hopi expelled the Spanish from the region. Both the practices of the Spanish when there, and the stories of negative experiences of Puebloan refugees from the Rio Grande region, contributed to a Hopi attitude where acculturation was resisted or rejected.

A number of studies{{sfn|Dockstader|1955}}{{sfn|Hymes|1956}}{{sfn|Kennard|1963}}{{sfn|Hill|1997}} have focused on [[loanword]]s borrowed into Hopi from other languages.