Editing Hyperspace (section)

== History ==
[[File:Amazing stories quarterly 1931spr.jpg|thumb|The earliest references to hyperspace in fiction appeared in publications such as ''[[Amazing Stories Quarterly]]'' (shown here is the Spring 1931 issue featuring [[John W. Campbell|John Campbell]]'s ''[[Islands of Space]]'').]]
Emerging in the early 20th century, within several decades hyperspace became a common element of [[Interstellar travel|interstellar]] [[Space travel in science fiction|space travel]] stories in science fiction.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":1" /> [[Kirk Meadowcroft]]'s "The Invisible Bubble" (1928) and [[John W. Campbell|John Campbell]]'s ''[[Islands of Space]]'' (1931) feature the earliest known references to hyperspace, with Campbell, whose story was published in the [[science fiction magazine]] ''[[Amazing Stories Quarterly]]'', likely being the first writer to use this term in the context of space travel.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" />{{Rp|72–73}}<ref name="Stableford20063" />{{Rp|238–239}}<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|title=Historical Dictionary of Science Fiction: hyperspace|url=https://sfdictionary.com/view/59|access-date=2021-12-05|website=sfdictionary.com}}</ref> According to the [[Historical Dictionary of Science Fiction]], the earliest known use of the word "hyper-drive" comes from a preview of [[Murray Leinster]]'s story "The Manless Worlds" in ''[[Thrilling Wonder Stories]]'' 1946.<ref name=":0" />

Another early work featuring hyperspace was [[Nelson Bond]]'s ''[[The Scientific Pioneer Returns]]'' (1940).<ref name="Stableford20063" />{{Rp|238–239}} [[Isaac Asimov]]'s [[Foundation (book series)|''Foundation'' series]], first published in ''[[Astounding]]'' starting in 1942, featured a [[Galactic Empire (Asimov)|Galactic Empire]] traversed through hyperspace through the use of a "hyperatomic drive".<ref name=":7">{{Cite book|last=Palumbo|first=Donald E.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NvcWDAAAQBAJ&dq=asimov++%22Hyperatomic+Drive%22++hyper-space&pg=PA100|title=An Asimov Companion: Characters, Places and Terms in the Robot/Empire/Foundation Metaseries|date=27 April 2016|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-1-4766-2394-8|language=en}}</ref>{{Rp|100}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Asimov, Isaac|url=https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/asimov_isaac|access-date=2022-02-03|website=[[The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction]]}}</ref> In ''[[Foundation (Asimov novel)|Foundation]]'' (1951), hyperspace is described as an "...unimaginable region that was neither space nor time, matter nor energy, something nor nothing, one could traverse the length of the Galaxy in the interval between two neighboring instants of time."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Asimov|first=Isaac|url=https://archive.org/details/foundationfounda00isaa/page/5|title=Foundation|publisher=[[Bantam Books]]|year=1991|isbn=0-553-29335-4|location=N.Y.|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{Rp|5}} [[Edwin Charles Tubb|E. C. Tubb]] has been credited with playing an important role in the development of hyperspace lore; writing a number of [[space opera]]s in the early 1950s in which space travel occurs through that medium. He was also one of the first writers to treat hyperspace as a central part of the plot rather than a convenient background gadget that just enables the faster-than-light space travel.<ref name=":6" /><ref name="visual" />{{Rp|75}}

In 1963, [[Philip Harbottle]] called the concept of hyperspace "a fixture" of the science fiction genre,<ref name=":6" /> and in 1977 [[Brian Ash (bibliographer)|Brian Ash]] wrote in ''[[The Visual Encyclopedia of Science Fiction]]'' that it had become the most popular of all faster-than-light methods of travel.<ref name="visual" />{{Rp|75}} The concept would subsequently be further popularized through its use in the ''[[Star Wars]]'' franchise.<ref name=":2" />

In the 1974 film ''[[Dark Star (film)|Dark Star]]'', special effects designer [[Dan O'Bannon]] created a visual effect to depict going into hyperspace wherein the stars in space appear to move rapidly toward the camera. This is considered to be the first depiction in cinema history of a ship making the jump into hyperspace. The same effect was later employed in ''[[Star Wars (film)|Star Wars]]'' (1977) and the "star streaks" are considered one of the visual "staples" of the ''Star Wars'' franchise.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Taylor|first=Chris|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z7GbBAAAQBAJ&dq=%22dark%20star%22%20special%20effects%20hyperspace&pg=PT115|title=How Star Wars Conquered the Universe: The Past, Present, and Future of a Multibillion Dollar Franchise|date=2014|publisher=Head of Zeus|isbn=978-1-78497-045-1|language=en|access-date=5 January 2021}}</ref>{{rp|115}}<ref>{{Cite web|last=Howell|first=Elizabeth|date=12 December 2017|title=Warp Speed: The Hype of Hyperspace|url=https://www.space.com/32712-warp-drive-hyperspace.html|access-date=5 November 2021|website=Space.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Muir|first=John Kenneth|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GoWNAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA189|title=A History and Critical Analysis of Blake's 7, the 1978-1981 British Television Space Adventure|date=2015-09-15|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-1-4766-0493-0|language=en}}</ref>{{rp|189}}