Editing Hypocaust (section)

==After the Romans==
With the [[decline of the Roman Empire]], the hypocaust fell into disuse in the western provinces, but not in the [[Eastern Roman empire]]. It is thought that in Britain, from {{circa|400}} until {{circa|1900}}, central heating did not exist, and hot baths were rare.<ref>{{citation|last=Winston Churchill|author-link=Winston Churchill|title=[[A History of the English Speaking Peoples|A History of the English Speaking Peoples: The Birth of Britain]]|publisher=[[Dodd, Mead & Company]]|year=1956|page=35}}</ref> However, an evolution of the hypocaust was used in some monasteries in [[Calefactory|calefactories]], or warming rooms, which were heated via underground fires, as in the Roman hypocaust, but retained heat via granite stones.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lowtechmagazine.com/2017/03/heat-storage-hypocausts-air-heating-middle-ages.html | title=Heat Storage Hypocausts: Air Heating in the Middle Ages, Low Tech Magazine | date=17 March 2017 }}</ref> In Eastern Europe, the development of radiant ceramic or stone stoves were also used. In the [[Iberian Peninsula]], the Roman system was adopted for the heating of Hispano-Islamic baths ''([[hammam]]s)'' of [[Al Andalus]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lLAryx8bC8UC&dq=hypocaust+spain&pg=PA141|title=Al-Andalus: The Art of Islamic Spain|last1=Dodds|first1=Jerrilynn Denise|last2=N.Y.)|first2=Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York)|last3=Alhambra|first3=Patronato de la|date=1992-01-01|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|isbn=9780870996368|pages=141|language=en}}</ref> A derivation of hypocaust, the ''[[gloria (heating system)|gloria]]'', was in use in [[Castile (historical region)|Castile]] until the arrival of modern heating. After the fuel (mainly wood) was reduced to ashes, the air intake was closed to keep hot air inside and to slow [[combustion]]. In colonial [[British North America]], the house of Maryland governor [[Charles Calvert (governor)|Charles Calvert]] (now part of the [[Historic Inns of Annapolis]]) was constructed in the 1720s with a hypocaust to heat a greenhouse for growing tropical plants.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aia.umd.edu/calvert.html |title=Archaeology in Annapolis: The Calvert House |publisher=[[University of Maryland]]}}</ref>