Editing IND Concourse Line (section)

=== Development ===
The IND Concourse Line, also referred to as the '''Bronx−Concourse Line''', was one of the original lines of the city-owned [[Independent Subway System]] (IND).<ref name="NYTimes-OurGreatSubway-IND2ndSystem-1929" /><ref name="NYTimes-HylanSubway-CulverCrstwnQBL-1925">{{cite news|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1925/03/21/archives/new-subway-routes-in-hylan-program-to-cost-186046000-board-of.html|title=New Subway Routes in Hylan Program to Cost $186,046,000|date=March 21, 1925|page=1|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The line running from Bedford Park Boulevard to the [[IND Eighth Avenue Line]] in Manhattan was approved by the [[New York City Board of Transportation]] on March 10, 1925, with the connection between the two lines approved on March 24, 1927.<ref name="Raskin-RoutesNotTaken-2013">{{cite book|author=Joseph B. Raskin|title=The Routes Not Taken: A Trip Through New York City's Unbuilt Subway System|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5b6cAQAAQBAJ&pg=PT112 |access-date=August 12, 2015|date=November 1, 2013|publisher=Fordham University Press|isbn=978-0-8232-5369-2}}</ref> The line was originally intended to be four tracks, rather than three tracks, to Bedford Park Boulevard.<ref name="NYTimes-HylanSubway-CulverCrstwnQBL-1925" /><ref name="Raskin-RoutesNotTaken-2013" /> This is the only IND line with three tracks (all other IND lines have either two or four tracks). The Concourse line's lower level of the [[145th Street (IND Concourse Line)|145th Street]] station was originally provisioned for four tracks, with the current tracks lining up with those of the upper level.<ref name="tracks" />

Construction of the line began in July 1928.<ref name="Raskin-RoutesNotTaken-2013" /> It was originally planned to end the line just past the Bedford Park Boulevard station, with a provision for an eastern extension.<ref name="NYTimes-HylanSubway-CulverCrstwnQBL-1925" /><ref name="NYTimes-INDCncrse-LastSect-1928">{{cite web|title=Board Speeds Subway on Grand Concourse – Bids on Last Section Expected Before New Year – Eastern Spur Contemplated|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1928/09/02/105201433.pdf|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=November 4, 2015|date=September 2, 1928}}</ref> An alternate approach to the current 205th Street station was proposed in February 1929, extending the line across private property onto Perry Avenue.<ref>{{cite web|title=Subway Extension Urged|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1929/02/24/95882604.pdf|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=November 4, 2015|date=February 24, 1929}}</ref> The current routing was selected by June 1929.<ref name="NYTimes-INDCncrse-205StRouting-June1929">{{cite web|title=Opens Subway Bids: Estimate Board Gets Twelve Offers for Bronx Work|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1929/06/08/95968012.pdf|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=November 4, 2015|date=June 8, 1929}}</ref> The building of the line and proposed extensions to central and eastern Bronx (see below) led to real estate booms in the area.<ref name="Raskin-RoutesNotTaken-2013" /> The line was supposed to be completed by January 1933, but this was delayed due to financial difficulties following the [[Wall Street Crash of 1929]].<ref name="nyt-1933-06-18">{{Cite news |date=1933-06-18 |title=New Bronx Subway to Operate July 1; City Extension to 205th Street to Be Opened Two Months Ahead of Schedule |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1933/06/18/archives/new-bronx-subway-to-operate-my-1-city-extension-to-205th-street-to.html |access-date=2022-07-01 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Test trains began running on June 18, 1933, when 700 IND employees started operating test trains on a regular schedule. The final cost was $40.5 million.<ref name="nyt-1933-06-18" /><ref name="p1114759078">{{cite news |date=18 June 1933 |title=3th Av. Subway Link to Bronx Opens on July 1: Concourse Line Will Be Ready Two Months Earlier Than Expected Test Trains Running Queens Service Expected to Start on August 1 |page=12 |work=New York Herald Tribune |id={{ProQuest|1114759078}}}}</ref>