Editing INSEE code (section)

== History ==
The NIR (National Identification Repertory) was created by [[René Carmille]], who died at the [[Dachau concentration camp]] in 1944. Between April and August 1941, under the [[Vichy regime]], Carmille conducted the first general survey to prepare the secret mobilisation of a French army. The codification was then done by General Marie in Algeria, to obtain a census of Jews, Muslims and other categories. The aim was to create a file of the whole of the [[French population]] and to [[discrimination|discriminate]] according to ethnic or statutory criteria, following the racial policies of Vichy. Thus, the first digit that is now used to distinguish males and females then had other purposes: 3 or 4 for Algerian non-Jewish indigenous people, 5 or 6 for indigenous Jews, 7 or 8 for foreigners, and 9 or 0 for miscellaneous and ill-defined statutes.

This discriminatory categorization used in Algeria was abolished in 1944 and has never been used in [[Metropolitan France]] where, throughout the war, only "1" and "2" (for male and female) was used. The administration of the NIR was assigned in 1946 to the new Statistical Institute, the INSEE. This institution is also in charge of the RNIPP (''répertoire national d'identification des personnes physiques'', National Repertory of Identification of Physical Persons), which contains for each individual: the NIR, [[last name]], [[first name]], sex, date and place of birth, and a reference of the Birth Registration (''Acte de naissance'').