Editing Illusion of control (section)

==Occurrence==
The illusion is more common in familiar situations, and in situations where the person knows the desired outcome.<ref name="thompson187">{{harvnb| Thompson|1999|p=187}}</ref> Feedback that emphasizes success rather than failure can increase the effect, while feedback that emphasizes failure can decrease or reverse the effect.<ref name=thompson188 /> The illusion is weaker for [[Depression (mood)|depressed]] individuals and is stronger when individuals have an emotional need to control the outcome.<ref name=thompson187 /> The illusion is strengthened by stressful and competitive situations, including [[trader (finance)|financial trading]].<ref name=trading /> Although people are likely to overestimate their control when the situations are heavily chance-determined, they also tend to underestimate their control when they actually have it, which runs contrary to some theories of the illusion and its adaptiveness.<ref name="Control">{{cite journal| vauthors = Gino F, Sharek Z, Moore DA |title=Keeping the illusion of control under control: Ceilings, floors, and imperfect calibration|journal=Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes|date=2011|volume=114|issue=2|pages=104–114|doi=10.1016/j.obhdp.2010.10.002}}</ref> People also showed a higher illusion of control when they were allowed to become familiar with a task through practice trials, make their choice before the event happens like with throwing dice, and when they can make their choice rather than have it made for them with the same odds.  People are more likely to show control when they have more answers right at the beginning than at the end, even when the people had the same number of correct answers.<ref name="Social behavior" />

Being in a position of power enhances the illusion of control, which may lead to overreach in risk taking.<ref>{{cite book |title=Corruptible: Who Gets Power and How It Changes Us |author=Brian Klaas |page=161 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |year=2021 |isbn=978-1-9821-5411-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=udwYEAAAQBAJ&dq=illusory+control&pg=PA161}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fast NJ, Gruenfeld DH, Sivanathan N, Galinsky AD | title = Illusory control: a generative force behind power's far-reaching effects | journal = Psychological Science | volume = 20 | issue = 4 | pages = 502–508 | date = April 2009 | pmid = 19309464 | doi = 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02311.x | s2cid = 6480784 }}</ref>