Editing Incidental imaging finding (section)

== Thyroid and parathyroid ==
Incidental [[thyroid]] masses may be found in 9% of patients undergoing bilateral carotid duplex ultrasonography.<ref name="pmid16230549">{{cite journal|year=2005|title=The significance of incidental thyroid abnormalities identified during carotid duplex ultrasonography|journal=Archives of Surgery|volume=140|issue=10|pages=981–5|doi=10.1001/archsurg.140.10.981|pmid=16230549|vauthors=Steele SR, Martin MJ, Mullenix PS, Azarow KS, Andersen CA|doi-access=}}</ref>

Some experts<ref name="pmid15941700">{{cite journal|year=2005|title=Continuing controversies in the management of thyroid nodules|journal=Ann. Intern. Med.|volume=142|issue=11|pages=926–31|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-142-11-200506070-00011|pmid=15941700|vauthors=Castro MR, Gharib H|s2cid=41308483}}</ref> recommend that nodules > 1&nbsp;cm (unless the [[Thyroid-stimulating hormone|TSH]] is suppressed) or those with ultrasonographic features of malignancy should be biopsied by [[Needle aspiration biopsy|fine needle aspiration]]. [[Computed tomography]]  is inferior to [[ultrasound]] for evaluating thyroid nodules.<ref name="pmid17056928">{{cite journal|year=2006|title=Significance of incidental thyroid lesions detected on CT: correlation among CT, sonography, and pathology|journal=AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology|volume=187|issue=5|pages=1349–56|doi=10.2214/AJR.05.0468|pmid=17056928|vauthors=Shetty SK, Maher MM, Hahn PF, Halpern EF, Aquino SL}}</ref> Ultrasonographic markers of malignancy are:<ref name="pmid11994321">{{cite journal|year=2002|title=Risk of malignancy in nonpalpable thyroid nodules: predictive value of ultrasound and color-Doppler features|journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.|volume=87|issue=5|pages=1941–6|doi=10.1210/jcem.87.5.8504|pmid=11994321|vauthors=Papini E, Guglielmi R, Bianchini A, etal|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* solid hypoechoic appearance
* irregular or blurred margins
* intranodular vascular spots or pattern
* microcalcifications

Incidental [[parathyroid]] masses may be found in 0.1% of patients undergoing bilateral carotid duplex ultrasonography.<ref name="pmid16230549" />

[[The American College of Radiology]] recommends the following workup for thyroid nodules as incidental imaging findings on [[CT scan|CT]], [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] or [[PET-CT]]:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://radiopaedia.org/blog/reporting-of-incidental-thyroid-nodules-on-ct-and-mri-1|title=Reporting of incidental thyroid nodules on CT and MRI|author=Jenny Hoang|date=2013-11-05|website=[[Radiopaedia]]}}, citing:
* {{cite journal|last1=Hoang|first1=Jenny K.|last2=Langer|first2=Jill E.|last3=Middleton|first3=William D.|last4=Wu|first4=Carol C.|last5=Hammers|first5=Lynwood W.|last6=Cronan|first6=John J.|last7=Tessler|first7=Franklin N.|last8=Grant|first8=Edward G.|last9=Berland|first9=Lincoln L.|title=Managing Incidental Thyroid Nodules Detected on Imaging: White Paper of the ACR Incidental Thyroid Findings Committee|journal=Journal of the American College of Radiology|volume=12|issue=2|year=2015|pages=143–150|issn=1546-1440|doi=10.1016/j.jacr.2014.09.038|pmid=25456025}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable"
! Features !! Workup
|-
|
* High [[Positron emission tomography|PET]] signal or
* Local invasiveness or
* Suspicious lymph nodes
| Very likely ultrasonography
|-
| Multiple nodules
| Likely ultrasonography
|-
| Solitary nodule in person younger than 35 years old
|
* Likely ultrasonography if at least 1&nbsp;cm large in adults, or for any size in children.
* None needed if less than 1&nbsp;cm in adults
|-
| Solitary nodule in person at least 35 years old
|
* Likely ultrasonography if at least 1.5&nbsp;cm large
* None needed if less than 1.5&nbsp;cm
|}